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. 2021 Jun 25;11(7):1161.
doi: 10.3390/diagnostics11071161.

Dental Anomalies' Characteristics

Tatiana Sella Tunis  1   2   3 , Ofer Sarne  3 , Israel Hershkovitz  1   2 , Tamar Finkelstein  3 , Aikaterini Maria Pavlidi  3 , Yehoshua Shapira  3 , Moshe Davidovitch  3 , Nir Shpack  3
Affiliations

Dental Anomalies' Characteristics

Tatiana Sella Tunis et al. Diagnostics (Basel). .

Abstract

The aim of this study was to characterize dental anomalies. The pretreatment records (photographs and radiographs) of 2897 patients (41.4% males and 58.6% females) were utilized to detect dental anomalies. The dental anomalies studied were related to number, size and shape, position, and eruption. A Chi-square test was carried out to detect associations between dental anomalies, jaw, and sex. A total of 1041 (36%) of the subjects manifested at least one dental anomaly. The prevalence of all dental anomalies was jaw-dependent and greater in the maxilla, except for submerged and transmigrated teeth. The most frequently missing teeth were the maxillary lateral incisor (62.3%) and the mandibular second premolars (60.6%). The most frequent supernumerary teeth were the incisors in the maxilla (97%) and the first premolars in the mandible (43%). Dental anomalies are more frequent in the maxilla and mainly involve the anterior teeth; in the mandible, however, it is the posterior teeth. These differences can be attributed to the evolutionary history of the jaws and their diverse development patterns.

Keywords: dental anomalies; dental diagnosis; growth and development; mandible; maxilla.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders played no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Examples of dental anomalies evaluated on radiographs and intraoral photographs: (a) panoramic radiograph of a patient with a submerged tooth #55 (yellow arrow); (b) panoramic radiograph of a patient with maxillary impacted canine teeth #23 and 13 (orange arrows), retained deciduous canine teeth #53 and 63 (green arrows), and a mandibular canine transmigration tooth #43 (yellow arrow) located at the lower border of the symphysis; (c) an example of a patient with a missing tooth #12 (yellow arrow) and a peg-shaped incisor tooth #22 (blue arrow): (c1) panoramic radiograph, (c2) intraoral frontal photograph, (c3) intraoral lateral photograph; (d) an example of a patient with a supernumerary tooth (impacted between the roots of the teeth #11–12, yellow arrow), impacted canine teeth #13 and 23 (blue arrows), and retained deciduous teeth #53 and 63 (green arrows): (d1) panoramic radiograph, (d2) periapical radiograph; (e) an example of a patient with dental transposition of the teeth #13 and #12 (yellow arrow): (e1) panoramic radiograph, (e2) periapical radiograph; (f) an example of a patient with fusion of the teeth #11 and 12 (yellow arrow): (f1) intraoral photograph, and (f2) periapical radiograph.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The relative frequencies of dental anomalies in the maxilla (blue) and mandible (red).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Distribution of dental anomalies by tooth type, jaw, and location (anterior (blue and green) vs. posterior (red and orange)): (a) missing teeth, (b) supernumerary teeth, (c) ectopic teeth, (d) impacted teeth, and (e) retained teeth.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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