Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2021 Jun 28;26(13):3949.
doi: 10.3390/molecules26133949.

Optimization of Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Phenolics from Sideritis raeseri Using Response Surface Methodology

Katarina Šavikin  1 , Jelena Živković  1 , Teodora Janković  1 , Nada Ćujić-Nikolić  1 , Gordana Zdunić  1 , Nebojša Menković  1 , Zorica Drinić  1
Affiliations

Optimization of Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Phenolics from Sideritis raeseri Using Response Surface Methodology

Katarina Šavikin et al. Molecules. .

Abstract

In this study we define the optimal conditions for ultrasound-assisted extraction of bioactive polyphenols from S. raeseri aerial parts using response surface methodology. The influence of ethanol concentration (10-90%), extraction temperature (20-80 °C), extraction time (10-60 min), and solid-to-solvent ratio (1:10-1:50) on total phenolic content as well as on content of individual flavonoids, and hypolaetin and isoscutellarein derivatives was studied. For the experimental design, a central composite design was chosen. In the obtained extracts, the following ranges of targeted compounds were detected: total phenol from 19.32 to 47.23 mg GAE/g dw, HYP from 1.05 to 11.46 mg/g dw, ISC 1 from 0.68 to 10.68 mg/g dw, and ISC 2 from 0.74 to 15.56 mg/g dw. The optimal extraction conditions were set as: ethanol concentration of 65%, extraction time of 50 min, extraction temperature of 63 °C, and solid-to-solvent ratio of 1:40. Contents of TP, HYP, ISC 1, and ISC 2 in optimal extracts were 47.11 mg GAE/g dw, 11.73 mg/g dw, 9.54 mg/g dw, and 15.40 mg/g dw, respectively. Experimentally set values were in good agreement with those predicted by the response surface methodology model, indicating suitability of the used model, as well as the success of response surface methodology in optimizing the conditions of the extraction.

Keywords: Sideritis; UAE; extraction optimization; hypolaetin and isoscutellarein derivatives; phenolics.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that there are no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Response surfaces showing the combined effect of parameters on total phenolic content (TP).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Response surfaces showing the combined effect of parameters on 4′-O-methylhypolaetin-7-O-[6‴-O-acetyl-β-d-allopyranosyl (1 → 2)]-β-d-glucopyranoside (HYP).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Response surfaces showing the combined effect of parameters on isoscutellarein 7-O-[6‴-O-acetyl-β-d-allopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β-d-glucopyranoside (ISC 1).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Response surfaces showing the combined effect of parameters on 4′-O-methylisoscutellarein-7-O-[6‴-O-acetyl-β-d-allopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β-d-glucopyranoside (ISC 2).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Gabrieli C.N., Kefalas P.G., Kokkalou E.L. Antioxidant activity of flavonoids from Sideritis raeseri. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2005;96:423–428. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2004.09.031. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Menković N., Gođevac D., Šavikin K., Zdunić G., Milosavljević S., Bojadži A., Avramoski O. Bioactive Compounds of Endemic Species Sideritis raeseri subsp. raeseri Grown in National Park Galičica. Rec. Nat. Prod. 2013;7:161–168.
    1. González-Burgos E., Carretero M.E., Gómez-Serranillos M.P. Sideritis spp.: Uses, chemical composition and pharmacological activities—A review. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2011;135:209–225. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.03.014. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Pljevljakušić D., Šavikin K., Janković T., Zdunić G., Ristić M., Godjevac D., Konić-Ristić A. Chemical properties of the cultivated Sideritis raeseri Boiss. & Heldr. subsp. raeseri. Food Chem. 2011;124:226–233.
    1. Ibraliu A., Trendafilova A.B., Anđelković B.D., Qazimi B., Gođevac D.M., Shengjergji D., Bebeci E., Stefkov G., Zdunic G., Aneva I.I., et al. Comparative Study of Balkan Sideritis Species from Albania, Bulgaria and Macedonia. Eur. J. Med. Plants. 2015;5:328–340. doi: 10.9734/EJMP/2015/14389. - DOI

LinkOut - more resources