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Review
. 2021 Jun 17;11(6):899.
doi: 10.3390/biom11060899.

Effect of Polyploidy Induction on Natural Metabolite Production in Medicinal Plants

Hadi Madani  1 , Ainoa Escrich  2 , Bahman Hosseini  1 , Raul Sanchez-Muñoz  3 , Abbas Khojasteh  4 , Javier Palazon  4
Affiliations
Review

Effect of Polyploidy Induction on Natural Metabolite Production in Medicinal Plants

Hadi Madani et al. Biomolecules. .

Abstract

Polyploidy plays an important role in plant diversification and speciation. The ploidy level of plants is associated with morphological and biochemical characteristics, and its modification has been used as a strategy to alter the quantitative and qualitative patterns of secondary metabolite production in different medicinal plants. Polyploidization can be induced by many anti-mitotic agents, among which colchicine, oryzalin, and trifluralin are the most common. Other variables involved in the induction process include the culture media, explant types, and exposure times. Due to the effects of polyploidization on plant growth and development, chromosome doubling has been applied in plant breeding to increase the levels of target compounds and improve morphological characteristics. Prompted by the importance of herbal medicines and the increasing demand for drugs based on plant secondary metabolites, this review presents an overview of how polyploidy can be used to enhance metabolite production in medicinal plants.

Keywords: colchicine; gene expression; medicinal plants; polyploidy; specialized plant metabolites.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declared no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Possible types of gametes after meiosis and offspring formation in autopolyploids. (A) Normal meiosis: diploid progeny (fertile). (B) Abnormal meiosis autotriploid progeny (sterile) and (C) Abnormal meiosis autotetraploid progeny (fertile). Symbol !: nondisjunction in meiosis.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Type of gametes and duplication event during the formation of an allopolyploid.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Action of anti-mitotic agents in the plant cell cycle for inducing polyploidy.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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