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. 2021 Jun 22;13(7):2138.
doi: 10.3390/nu13072138.

Serum and Dietary Vitamin D in Individuals with Class II and III Obesity: Prevalence and Association with Metabolic Syndrome

Erika Aparecida Silveira  1   2 , Camila Kellen de Souza Cardoso  2   3 , Letícia de Almeida Nogueira E Moura  2   4 , Ana Paula Dos Santos Rodrigues  2   5 , Cesar de Oliveira  1
Affiliations

Serum and Dietary Vitamin D in Individuals with Class II and III Obesity: Prevalence and Association with Metabolic Syndrome

Erika Aparecida Silveira et al. Nutrients. .

Abstract

The association between vitamin D deficiency and metabolic syndrome (MS) in severe obesity is unclear and controversial. We analyzed serum and dietary vitamin D and their association with MS in 150 adults with class II and III obesity (BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2) from the DieTBra Trial (NCT02463435). MS parameters were high fasting blood glucose, low HDL cholesterol, high triglycerides, elevated waist circumference, and hypertension. Vitamin D deficiency was considered as a level < 20 ng/mL. We performed multivariate Poisson regression adjusted for sociodemographic and lifestyle variables. The prevalence of serum vitamin D deficiency was 13.3% (mean 29.9 ± 9.4 ng/mL) and dietary vitamin D median was 51.3 IU/day. There were no significant associations between vitamin D, serum, and diet and sociodemographic variables, lifestyle, and class of obesity. Serum vitamin D deficiency was associated with age ≥ 50 years (p = 0.034). After a fully adjusted multivariate Poisson regression, MS and its parameters were not associated with serum or dietary vitamin D, except for lower HDL, which was associated with serum vitamin D deficiency (PR = 0.71, 95% CI 0.52-0.97; p = 0.029). Severe obese individuals had a low prevalence of vitamin D deficiency, which was not associated with MS.

Keywords: 25-Hydroxyvitamin D; HDL cholesterol; aging; diabetes mellitus; diet; hypertension; metabolic syndrome; obesity.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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