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Review
. 2021 Jun 9;11(6):190.
doi: 10.3390/bios11060190.

Biosensors Coupled with Signal Amplification Technology for the Detection of Pathogenic Bacteria: A Review

Fengchun Huang  1 , Yingchao Zhang  2 , Jianhan Lin  2 , Yuanjie Liu  2
Affiliations
Review

Biosensors Coupled with Signal Amplification Technology for the Detection of Pathogenic Bacteria: A Review

Fengchun Huang et al. Biosensors (Basel). .

Abstract

Foodborne disease caused by foodborne pathogens is a very important issue in food safety. Therefore, the rapid screening and sensitive detection of foodborne pathogens is of great significance for ensuring food safety. At present, many research works have reported the application of biosensors and signal amplification technologies to achieve the rapid and sensitive detection of pathogenic bacteria. Thus, this review summarized the use of biosensors coupled with signal amplification technology for the detection of pathogenic bacteria, including (1) the development, concept, and principle of biosensors; (2) types of biosensors, such as electrochemical biosensors, optical biosensors, microfluidic biosensors, and so on; and (3) different kinds of signal amplification technologies applied in biosensors, such as enzyme catalysis, nucleic acid chain reaction, biotin-streptavidin, click chemistry, cascade reaction, nanomaterials, and so on. In addition, the challenges and future trends for pathogenic bacteria based on biosensor and signal amplification technology were also discussed and summarized.

Keywords: biosensor; food safety; foodborne pathogens; signal amplification.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 8
Figure 8
Application of nucleic acid chain reaction based on signal amplification technology in the detection of foodborne pathogens: (A) V. parahaemolyticus detection [71]; (B) L. monocytogenes detection [72]. RCA: rolling circle amplification reaction.
Figure 1
Figure 1
Principles of biosensors.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Application of an impedimetric biosensor in foodborne pathogen detection: (A) electrode-modified impedimetric biosensor for the detection of E. coli [25]; (B) electrode-modified-free impedimetric biosensor for the detection of L. monocytogenes [26].
Figure 2
Figure 2
Application of an impedimetric biosensor in foodborne pathogen detection: (A) electrode-modified impedimetric biosensor for the detection of E. coli [25]; (B) electrode-modified-free impedimetric biosensor for the detection of L. monocytogenes [26].
Figure 3
Figure 3
Application of amperometric biosensor in foodborne pathogens detection: (A) Electrode modified amperometric biosensor for detection of E. coli O157:H7 [31]; (B) Electrode modified-free amperometric biosensor for detection of E. coli O157:H7 [32]. MWCNT: multi-walled carbon nanotube.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Application of colorimetric biosensor in foodborne pathogen detection: (A) [38] and (B) [39] S. typhimurium detection; (C) L. monocytogenes detection [40] using coloration by pH indicator.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Application of colorimetric biosensor in foodborne pathogen detection: (A) [38] and (B) [39] S. typhimurium detection; (C) L. monocytogenes detection [40] using coloration by pH indicator.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Application of fluorescence biosensor in foodborne pathogen detection: (A) E. coli detection [46]; (B) simultaneous detection of multiple foodborne pathogens [48].
Figure 6
Figure 6
Microfluidic biosensor: (A) different kinds of microfluidic chips [53]. Application in foodborne pathogen detection: (B) S. typhimurium detection [52]; (C) E. coli detection [55].
Figure 7
Figure 7
Application of enzyme-catalyzed signal amplification technology in the detection of foodborne pathogens: (A) E. coli O157:H7 detection [66]; (B) S. aureus detection [67]; (C) S. typhimurium detection [68]. HRP: horseradish peroxidase.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Application of biotin–SA-based signal amplification technology in the detection of foodborne pathogens: (A) E. coli O157:H7 detection [85]; (B) multiple foodborne pathogens detection [86]. DOPA: dopamine.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Application of biotin–SA-based signal amplification technology in the detection of foodborne pathogens: (A) E. coli O157:H7 detection [85]; (B) multiple foodborne pathogens detection [86]. DOPA: dopamine.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Application of click chemistry based on signal amplification technology for the detection of foodborne pathogens: (A) E. coli detection [96]; (B) S. aureus detection [97].
Figure 11
Figure 11
Application of cascade reaction-based signal amplification technology for the detection of foodborne pathogens: (A) E. coli O157:H7 detection [105]; (B) S. typhimurium detection [106].
Figure 12
Figure 12
Application of nanoflower-based signal amplification technology for the detection of foodborne pathogens: (A) [112] and (C) [114] E. coli O157:H7 detection; (B) S. enteritidis detection [113].
Figure 12
Figure 12
Application of nanoflower-based signal amplification technology for the detection of foodborne pathogens: (A) [112] and (C) [114] E. coli O157:H7 detection; (B) S. enteritidis detection [113].
Figure 13
Figure 13
Application of mesoporous nanoparticle-based signal amplification technology for rapid detection: (A) GSH detection [118]; (B) E. coli O157:H7 and S. aureus detection [119].
Figure 14
Figure 14
Application of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs)-based signal amplification technology for the detection of foodborne pathogens: (A) Pseudomonas spp. detection [125]; (B) E. coli O157:H7 detection [126].
Figure 15
Figure 15
Detecting microbial contamination using Raman spectroscopy-based deep learning strategies [128].
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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