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. 2021 Jun 29;11(7):1713.
doi: 10.3390/nano11071713.

Exploring the FTIR, Optical and Nuclear Radiation Shielding Properties of Samarium-Borate Glass: A Characterization through Experimental and Simulation Methods

Shams A M Issa  1   2 , Hesham M H Zakaly  1   3 , Huseyin O Tekin  4   5 , Heba A Saudi  6 , Ali Badawi  7   8 , Mariia Pyshkina  3 , Gulfem Susoy  9 , Ahmed I Elazaka  10   11 , Antoaneta Ene  12
Affiliations

Exploring the FTIR, Optical and Nuclear Radiation Shielding Properties of Samarium-Borate Glass: A Characterization through Experimental and Simulation Methods

Shams A M Issa et al. Nanomaterials (Basel). .

Abstract

(Tl2O3)30-(Li2O)10-(B2O3)(60-y)-(Sm2O3)y glass system with various Sm2O3 additives (y = 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6) was studied in detail. The vibrational modes of the (Tl2O3)30-(Li2O)10-(B2O3)(60-y) network were active at three composition-related IR spectral peaks that differed from those mixed with Samarium (III) oxide at high wavenumber ranges. These glass samples show that their permeability increased with the Samarium (III) oxide content increase. Additionally, the electronic transition between localized states was observed in the samples. The MAC, HVL, and Zeff values for radiation shielding parameters were calculated in the energy range of 0.015-15 MeV using the FLUKA algorithm. In addition, EBF, EABF, and ΣR values were also determined for the prepared glasses. These values indicated that the parameters for shielding (MAC, HVL, Zeff, EBF, EABF, and ΣR) are dependent upon the Samarium (III) oxide content. Furthermore, the addition of Samarium (III) oxide to the examined glass samples greatly reinforced their shielding capacity against gamma photon. The findings of the current study were compared to analyses of the XCOM software, some concretes, and lead. In the experiment, it was found that the SMG0.6 glass sample was the strongest shield.

Keywords: MC simulation; Sm-B2O3 glass; optical property; radiation attenuation property.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Fabricated (Tl2O3)30-(Li2O)10-(B2O3)(60−y)-(Sm2O3)y glass system.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Simulation FLUKA setup for incident gamma radiation with glass samples.
Figure 3
Figure 3
FTIR spectra of glass samples.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Spectra of Absorbance of glass samples.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Spectra of transmittance of glass samples.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Absorption coefficient (α) of glass samples vs. incident energy.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Absorption index of glass samples as a function of wavelength.
Figure 8
Figure 8
ln(α) of glass samples vs. the incident photon energy.
Figure 9
Figure 9
The density values of fabricated samples.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Mass attenuation coefficient by FLUKA and XCOM as a function of glass wt.% and photon energy.
Figure 11
Figure 11
The relative difference of mass attenuation coefficient by XCOM and FLUKA simulation.
Figure 12
Figure 12
HVL results of glass samples as a function of glass composition and photon energy.
Figure 13
Figure 13
HVL relative differences of SM0.6 sample and HVL relative differences of other materials.
Figure 14
Figure 14
Zeff of glass samples as a function of the photon energy.
Figure 15
Figure 15
EBF for samples as a function of energy at 1, 5, 10, 20, and 40 mfp.
Figure 16
Figure 16
EABF for samples as a function of energy at 1, 5, 10, 20, and 40 mfp.
Figure 17
Figure 17
Effective removal cross section of samples for fast neutrons.
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