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. 2022 Feb;26(1):39-46.
doi: 10.1007/s10029-021-02442-4. Epub 2021 Jul 2.

Characteristics of laparoscopic and open hernia repair simulation models: a systematic review

T Pelly  1 , J Vance-Daniel  2 , C Linder  3
Affiliations

Characteristics of laparoscopic and open hernia repair simulation models: a systematic review

T Pelly et al. Hernia. 2022 Feb.

Abstract

Purpose: Barriers to education in open and laparoscopic hernia repair technique include a steep learning curve and reduced theatre time for junior surgical trainees. This is particularly evident during the current COVID-19 pandemic. Simulation models may provide further opportunities for training in hernia repair outside of the traditional surgical apprenticeship model.

Methods: A systematic review was carried out following PRISMA guidelines to identify and evaluate simulation models in hernia repair. Of the 866 records screened, 27 were included in the analysis. These were assessed for face, content and construct validity, as well as their attempt to measure educational impact.

Results: Simulation models were identified comprising of animal tissues, synthetic materials and virtual reality (VR) technology. Models were designed for instruction in repair of inguinal, umbilical, incisional and diaphragmatic hernias. Twenty-one laparoscopic hernia repair models were described. Many models demonstrated validity across several domains, and three showed transferability of skills from simulation to the operating room. Of the six open hernia repair simulation models, none were found to have demonstrated an educational impact in addition to assessing validity.

Conclusion: Few models individually were able to demonstrate validity and educational impact. Several novel assessment tools have been developed for assessment of progress when performing simulated and real laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair. More study is required, particularly for open hernia repair, including randomized controlled trials with large sample sizes to assess the transferability of skills.

Keywords: Education; Hernia; Laparoscopy; Simulation.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
PRISMA diagram
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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