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Review
. 2021 Jul 5;403(2):195-209.
doi: 10.1515/hsz-2021-0146. Print 2022 Jan 27.

The relevance of adhesion G protein-coupled receptors in metabolic functions

Isabell Kaczmarek  1 , Tomáš Suchý  1 , Simone Prömel  1   2 , Torsten Schöneberg  1 , Ines Liebscher  1 , Doreen Thor  1
Affiliations
Free article
Review

The relevance of adhesion G protein-coupled receptors in metabolic functions

Isabell Kaczmarek et al. Biol Chem. .
Free article

Abstract

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) modulate a variety of physiological functions and have been proven to be outstanding drug targets. However, approximately one-third of all non-olfactory GPCRs are still orphans in respect to their signal transduction and physiological functions. Receptors of the class of Adhesion GPCRs (aGPCRs) are among these orphan receptors. They are characterized by unique features in their structure and tissue-specific expression, which yields them interesting candidates for deorphanization and testing as potential therapeutic targets. Capable of G-protein coupling and non-G protein-mediated function, aGPCRs may extend our repertoire of influencing physiological function. Besides their described significance in the immune and central nervous systems, growing evidence indicates a high importance of these receptors in metabolic tissue. RNAseq analyses revealed high expression of several aGPCRs in pancreatic islets, adipose tissue, liver, and intestine but also in neurons governing food intake. In this review, we focus on aGPCRs and their function in regulating metabolic pathways. Based on current knowledge, this receptor class represents high potential for future pharmacological approaches addressing obesity and other metabolic diseases.

Keywords: aGPCR; adipose tissue; metabolism; pancreatic islet.

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