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. 2021 Jul;108(7):1234-1251.
doi: 10.1002/ajb2.1693. Epub 2021 Jul 5.

An updated infra-familial classification of Sapindaceae based on targeted enrichment data

Sven Buerki  1 , Martin W Callmander  2 , Pedro Acevedo-Rodriguez  3 , Porter P Lowry 2nd  4   5 , Jérôme Munzinger  6 , Paul Bailey  7 , Olivier Maurin  7 , Grace E Brewer  7 , Niroshini Epitawalage  7 , William J Baker  7 , Félix Forest  7
Affiliations

An updated infra-familial classification of Sapindaceae based on targeted enrichment data

Sven Buerki et al. Am J Bot. 2021 Jul.

Erratum in

  • Corrigendum.
    [No authors listed] [No authors listed] Am J Bot. 2022 Aug;109(8):1326-1327. doi: 10.1002/ajb2.16049. Epub 2022 Aug 26. Am J Bot. 2022. PMID: 36017873 Free PMC article. No abstract available.

Abstract

Premise: The economically important, cosmopolitan soapberry family (Sapindaceae) comprises ca. 1900 species in 144 genera. Since the seminal work of Radlkofer, several authors have attempted to overcome challenges presented by the family's complex infra-familial classification. With the advent of molecular systematics, revisions of the various proposed groupings have provided significant momentum, but we still lack a formal classification system rooted in an evolutionary framework.

Methods: Nuclear DNA sequence data were generated for 123 genera (86%) of Sapindaceae using target sequence capture with the Angiosperms353 universal probe set. HybPiper was used to produce aligned DNA matrices. Phylogenetic inferences were obtained using coalescence-based and concatenated methods. The clades recovered are discussed in light of both benchmark studies to identify synapomorphies and distributional evidence to underpin an updated infra-familial classification.

Key results: Coalescence-based and concatenated phylogenetic trees had identical topologies and node support, except for the placement of Melicoccus bijugatus Jacq. Twenty-one clades were recovered, which serve as the basis for a revised infra-familial classification.

Conclusions: Twenty tribes are recognized in four subfamilies: two tribes in Hippocastanoideae, two in Dodonaeoideae, and 16 in Sapindoideae (no tribes are recognized in the monotypic subfamily Xanthoceratoideae). Within Sapindoideae, six new tribes are described: Blomieae Buerki & Callm.; Guindilieae Buerki, Callm. & Acev.-Rodr.; Haplocoeleae Buerki & Callm.; Stadmanieae Buerki & Callm.; Tristiropsideae Buerki & Callm.; and Ungnadieae Buerki & Callm. This updated classification provides a backbone for further research and conservation efforts on this family.

Keywords: Sapindaceae; Sapindales; biogeography; infrafamilial classification; new tribes; targeted enrichment; taxonomy.

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Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Simplified RAxML genus‐level Sapindaceae phylogeny based on nuclear Angiosperms353 target gene sequences. Clades (Arabic numbers corresponds to tribes and Roman numbers to subfamilies) are displayed as well as bootstrap support values. See Appendix S1 for more details on species sampling and node support.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
(A) Xanthoceras sorbifolia, cultivated at Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK. (B) Acer campbellii var. serratifolium, China (Boufford 43672). (C) Aesculus indica cultivated at Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK. (D) Doratoxylon chouxii, Madagascar (Rakotovao et al. 6303). (E) Nephelium cuspidatum, Malaysia (Borneo) (Buerki et al. 359). (F) Dodonaea madagascariensis, Madagascar (Lowry 6285). (G) Paranephelium joannis, Malaysia (Borneo) (Buerki et al. 358). (H) Erythrophysa aesculina, Madagascar (Phillipson 5704). Photo credits: © F. Forest (A, C), © C. Davidson (B, E), © C. Rakotovao (D), © P. B. Phillipson (F, H), and © M. W. Callmander (G).
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
(A) Delavaya toxocarpa, China (Boufford 44087). (B) Lepisanthes rubiginosa, Thailand (Callmander et al. 1167). (C) Tristiropsis obtusangula, Guam. (D) Haplocoelum intermedium, Gabon (Nguema 732). (E) Blomia pisca, Mexico (Acevedo‐Rodríguez 12242). (F) Guindilia trinervis, Chile. Photo credits: © C. Davidson (A), © P. Chassot (B), © G. C. Fiedler (C), © D. Nguema (D), © P. Acevedo‐Rodríguez (E), and © M. Belov (F).
FIGURE 4
FIGURE 4
(A) Bridgesia incisifolia, Chile (B) Talisia sp., Peru (Farfan et al. 771). (C) Athyana weinmanniifolia, Bolivia (Arroyo et al. 5625). (D) Thouinia brachybotrya, Nicaragua (Stevens & Montiel 28469). (E) Cardiospermum grandiflorum, Paraguay (Stevens et al. 31269). (F) Stadmania glauca, Madagascar (Schatz 3854). (G) Podonephelium pachycaule, New Caledonia (Munzinger et al. 5935). Photo credits: © C. De Schrevel (A), © C. Davidson (B, E), © G. A. Parada (C), © O. M. Montiel (D), and © P. P. Lowry II (F, G).
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References

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