Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2021 May;14(5):1080-1092.
doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.1080-1092. Epub 2021 May 6.

Study on bacterial pathogens through multiplex polymerase chain reaction system and their antimicrobial resistance pattern in goats presumed with fever and/or diarrhea

Pranab Paul  1 , Md Rayhan Faruque  1 , Md Kaisar Rahman  2 , Priyanka Das  3 , Mohammed Yousuf Elahi Chowdhury  1
Affiliations

Study on bacterial pathogens through multiplex polymerase chain reaction system and their antimicrobial resistance pattern in goats presumed with fever and/or diarrhea

Pranab Paul et al. Vet World. 2021 May.

Abstract

Background and aim: Goat is one of the major livestock species, plays an important role in the economy of Bangladesh. However, the outbreak of different infectious diseases in goats causes high mortality and economic losses due to lack of proper diagnosis and treatment. Conventional culture-based methods for detecting specific pathogens as confirmatory diagnosis are laborious as well as time-consuming in comparison to multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR), by which multiple pathogens can be detected at a time. The present study was aimed to perform faster molecular identification of bacterial pathogens from goats presumed with fever and/or diarrhea and their antimicrobial resistance (AMR) pattern.

Materials and methods: A total of 200 blood samples were collected from goats at S. A. Quaderi Teaching Veterinary Hospital (SAQTVH) in Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University for the period of July 2017-April 2018. DNA was extracted and subsequently, mPCR assay was performed for the screening of several bacterial pathogens (Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes, Bacillus cereus, Yersinia enterocolitica, Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, Clostridium perfringens, Vibrio cholerae, and Staphylococcus aureus). An antimicrobial susceptibility test against ten antimicrobials for positive samples of each organism was conducted using the Kirby-Bauer Disk-Diffusion Method on selective media.

Results: S. aureus, C. perfringens, L. monocytogenes, and Salmonella spp. were detected from collected samples and their overall prevalence was 11.5%, 3.5%, 1%, and 20.5%, respectively. The most common clinical signs were mild fever, nasal discharge, dyspnea, and coughing (39.1%) for S. aureus, diarrhea, convulsion, abdominal pain, and incoordination (57.1%) for C. perfringens, fever, protrusion of tongue, and incoordination (100%) for L. monocytogenes, and fever, anorexia, dehydration with mucous feces (36.6%) for Salmonella spp. infection in goats. AntimGentamicinicrobial diagram of S. aureus showed resistance against Cefotaxime (74%), Cefixime (65%), and Tetracycline (65%); highly sensitive against Amoxicillin (48%), Ciprofloxacin (44%), and Gentamicin (44%). On the other hand, C. perfringens showed highly resistant against Ampicillin (71%), Gentamicin (71%), sensitive against Penicillin (57%), and Cefotaxime (57%). L. monocytogenes were found to be sensitive to Penicillin (100%) and Cefixime (100%) and Salmonella spp. showed resistance to Ampicillin (78%) and Amoxicillin (59%) but sensitive to Ciprofloxacin (54%).

Conclusion: This study identified pathogens with their specific clinical signs in goats presumed fever and/or diarrhea through mPCR with their AMR pattern in SAQTVH, Chattogram. Potential risk factors, measuring the strength of association of disease caused by these particular pathogens, were also determined. mPCR may use as an effective tool for rapid detection of pathogens in animal.

Keywords: antimicrobial resistance; goat; infectious disease; multiplex polymerase chain reaction; prevalence.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure-1
Figure-1
Result of multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay for (a) nuc gene of Staphylococcus aureus identified from the samples; Lane M: 1 Kb DNA marker; Lane N: Negative control; Lane P: Control DNA; Lane 1: Staphylococcus aureus gene-sized (658 bp) amplicon, (b) cpe and cpb2 gene of Clostridium perfringens identify from the samples; Lane M: 1 Kb DNA marker; Lane N: Negative control; Lane P: Control DNA; Lane 1: C. perfringens gene-sized (400 bp) amplicon, (c) prfA gene of Listeria monocytogenes identify from the samples; Lane M: 1 Kb DNA marker; Lane N: Negative control; Lane P: Control DNA; Lane 1: L. monocytogenes gene-sized (150 bp) amplicon, (d) invA gene of Salmonella spp. identify from the samples; Lane M: 1 Kb DNA marker; Lane N: Negative control; Lane P: Control DNA; Lane 2: Salmonella spp. gene-sized (100 bp) amplicon.
Figure-2
Figure-2
Antimicrobial resistance pattern of Staphylococcus aureus.
Figure-3
Figure-3
Antimicrobial resistance pattern of Clostridium perfringens.
Figure-4
Figure-4
Antimicrobial resistance pattern of Listeria monocytogenes.
Figure-5
Figure-5
Antimicrobial resistance pattern of Salmonella spp.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

References

    1. Ershaduzzaman M, Rahman M.M, Roy B.K, Chowdhury S.A. Studies on the diseases and mortality pattern of goats under farm conditions and some factors affecting mortality and survival rates in Black Bengal kids. Bangladesh J. Vet. Med. 2007;5(1-2):71–76.
    1. Hirst K.K. The History of the Domestication of Goats. 2008. [Retrieved on 18-08-2008]. Available from: https://www.about.com .
    1. Amin M.R, Husain S.S, Islam A.B.M. Reproductive Peculiarities and Litter Weight in Different Genetic Groups of Black Bengal Does. 2001
    1. Choudhury M.P, Sarker S.C, Islam F, Ali A, Bhuiyan A.K.F, Ibrahim M.N.M, Okeyo A.M. Morphometry and performance of Black Bengal goats at the rural community level in Bangladesh. Bangladesh J. Anim. Sci. 2012;41(2):83–89.
    1. Amin M.R. Doctoral dissertation, Ph. D. Thesis, Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics. Mymensingh: Bangladesh Agricultural University; 2000. Genetic improvement of production traits in Black Bengal goats by selective breeding and crossbreeding.

LinkOut - more resources