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Multicenter Study
. 2021 Jul 6;8(1):40.
doi: 10.1186/s40779-021-00328-1.

Association of fluid balance trajectories with clinical outcomes in patients with septic shock: a prospective multicenter cohort study

Mei-Ping Wang  1   2 , Li Jiang  3 , Bo Zhu  2 , Bin Du  4 , Wen Li  2 , Yan He  5 , Xiu-Ming Xi  6 ; China Critical Care Sepsis Trial (CCCST) workgroup
Collaborators, Affiliations
Multicenter Study

Association of fluid balance trajectories with clinical outcomes in patients with septic shock: a prospective multicenter cohort study

Mei-Ping Wang et al. Mil Med Res. .

Abstract

Background: Septic shock has a high incidence and mortality rate in Intensive Care Units (ICUs). Earlier intravenous fluid resuscitation can significantly improve outcomes in septic patients but easily leads to fluid overload (FO), which is associated with poor clinical outcomes. A single point value of fluid cannot provide enough fluid information. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of fluid balance (FB) latent trajectories on clinical outcomes in septic patients.

Methods: Patients were diagnosed with septic shock during the first 48 h, and sequential fluid data for the first 3 days of ICU admission were included. A group-based trajectory model (GBTM) which is designed to identify groups of individuals following similar developmental trajectories was used to identify latent subgroups of individuals following a similar progression of FB. The primary outcomes were hospital mortality, organ dysfunction, major adverse kidney events (MAKE) and severe respiratory adverse events (SRAE). We used multivariable Cox or logistic regression analysis to assess the association between FB trajectories and clinical outcomes.

Results: Nine hundred eighty-six patients met the inclusion criteria and were assigned to GBTM analysis, and three latent FB trajectories were detected. 64 (6.5%), 841 (85.3%), and 81 (8.2%) patients were identified to have decreased, low, and high FB, respectively. Compared with low FB, high FB was associated with increased hospital mortality [hazard ratio (HR) 1.63, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.22-2.17], organ dysfunction [odds ratio (OR) 2.18, 95% CI 1.22-3.42], MAKE (OR 1.80, 95% CI 1.04-2.63) and SRAE (OR 2.33, 95% CI 1.46-3.71), and decreasing FB was significantly associated with decreased MAKE (OR 0.46, 95% CI 0.29-0.79) after adjustment for potential covariates.

Conclusion: Latent subgroups of septic patients followed a similar FB progression. These latent fluid trajectories were associated with clinical outcomes. The decreasing FB trajectory was associated with a decreased risk of hospital mortality and MAKE.

Keywords: Clinical outcomes; Fluid overload; Group-based trajectory model; Septic shock.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Flowchart of the patients included in the study. CCCST China Critical Care Sepsis Trial
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Fluid balance trajectory patterns during the first 7 days after admission to the ICU. FB fluid balance
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Daily and cumulative fluid balances in the three subgroups with different trajectory patterns. *Compared with decreasing FB, P <  0.05; FB fluid balance
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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