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. 2021 Jul 6;22(1):609.
doi: 10.1186/s12891-021-04486-0.

Different patterns and characteristics of Talar injuries at two main orthopedic trauma centers in Shiraz, south of Iran

Amir Reza Vosoughi  1 , Reza Fereidooni  2 , Saeedreza Shirzadi  2 , Seyed Alireza Zomorodian  2 , Amir Human Hoveidaei  3   4
Affiliations

Different patterns and characteristics of Talar injuries at two main orthopedic trauma centers in Shiraz, south of Iran

Amir Reza Vosoughi et al. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. .

Abstract

Background: Categorizing different injury patterns of the talus, describing demographic data, mechanisms of injury and associated fractures are important issues in orthopedic trauma surgeries. Injuries of the talus require careful attention with appropriate treatment approaches in order to reduce possible complications.

Methods: In a cross-sectional study, the demographic characteristics, mechanism of injury, fracture type, and associated fractures were compiled from all patients' files and operation notes with diagnosis of talar injuries from January 2014 to December 2019.

Results: Among 367 patients, 317 (86.4%) males and 50 (13.6%) females with mean age of 31.8 ± 11.6 years were identified. There were three (0.8%) patients with bilateral talar fractures. The most common mechanism of injury was motor vehicle accident (MVA) (46.1%), followed by falls (43.3%), direct trauma (6.2%) and sport injuries (4.4%). About half of the patients injured in MVAs were motorcyclists. Isolated talar body fractures (21.9%) were more common than isolated talar neck (19.2%) or combined body & neck fractures (14.6%). Isolated lateral process fracture is the most frequent fractured process of the talus (14.3%). Hawkin type IIA (39.2%) was the most common type of talar neck, followed by Hawkin type III (22.3%), type I (21.5%), type IIB (14.6%) and type IV (2.3%). Medial malleolus, fibula and calcaneus were the most common associated fractures, respectively.

Conclusions: The population that is most affected by talar injury are active young men who are involved in motor vehicle accidents, especially motorcycle crashes, with fracture of body and/or neck of talus being the most common type.

Keywords: Accidents; Ankle; Dislocation; Epidemiology; Fracture; Talus.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
The distribution of patients by age and gender
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Frequency of talar injuries (%)
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Different kinds of motor vehicle accidents
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Associated injury frequency (% among 229 cases)
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Concomitant head, body & neck fracture of the talus associated with talonavicular subluxation in a young man. Radiograph (a), CT sections (b & c)
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
A case of simultaneous lateral dome talus osteochondral fracture and medial body fracture
Fig. 7
Fig. 7
Pantalar fracture dislocation with comminuted fracture of head & neck in a 26-year-old man. Radiograph (a), CT sections (b-d)
Fig. 8
Fig. 8
Open pantalar dislocation with lost talar head and medial malleolus (a & b). Due to infection, after multiple debridement, the talus was resected. In order to prevent limb shortening, the free space between calcaneous and tibia were filled by 3 structural bone graft from fibula and fusion by a hindfoot fusion nail, 7 months after the surgery (c & d)
Fig. 9
Fig. 9
Medial subtalar dislocation associated with talar neck fracture in a 27-year-old man. CT sections (a & b)
Fig. 10
Fig. 10
Dorsal neck avulsion fracture
Fig. 11
Fig. 11
Sagittal nondisplaced fracture of body, neck & head in a 28-year-old man. Radiograph (a), CT sections (b & c)
Fig. 12
Fig. 12
A big displaced partial talar body fracture in association with lateral malleolus fracture in a young woman. Radiographs (a & b), CT cuts (c-e)
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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