Changes to virus taxonomy and to the International Code of Virus Classification and Nomenclature ratified by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (2021)

Peter J Walker¹, Stuart G Siddell², Elliot J Lefkowitz³, Arcady R Mushegian⁴, Evelien M Adriaenssens⁵, Poliane Alfenas-Zerbini⁶, Andrew J Davison⁷, Donald M Dempsey³, Bas E Dutilh⁸, María Laura García⁹, Balázs Harrach¹⁰, Robert L Harrison¹¹, R Curtis Hendrickson³, Sandra Junglen¹², Nick J Knowles¹³, Mart Krupovic¹⁴, Jens H Kuhn¹⁵, Amy J Lambert¹⁶, Małgorzata Łobocka¹⁷, Max L Nibert¹⁸, Hanna M Oksanen¹⁹, Richard J Orton⁷, David L Robertson⁷, Luisa Rubino²⁰, Sead Sabanadzovic²¹, Peter Simmonds²², Donald B Smith²², Nobuhiro Suzuki²³, Koenraad Van Dooerslaer²⁴, Anne-Mieke Vandamme^{25

26}, Arvind Varsani²⁷, Francisco Murilo Zerbini²⁸

Affiliations

¹ School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia.
² School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK.
³ Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), BBRB 276, 845 19th St South, Birmingham, AL, 35294-2170, USA.
⁴ Division of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, National Science Foundation, 2415 Eisenhower Avenue, Alexandria, VA, 22314, USA. mushegian2@gmail.com.
⁵ Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UQ, UK.
⁶ Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-000, Brazil.
⁷ MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Sir Michael Stoker Building, 464 Bearsden Road, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK.
⁸ Theoretical Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, Room Z-509, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
⁹ Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular, CCT-La Plata, CONICET, UNLP, calles 47 y 115 (1900), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
¹⁰ Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Hungária krt. 21, H-1143, Budapest, Hungary.
¹¹ Invasive Insect Biocontrol and Behavior Laboratory, USDA-ARS, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Bldg 007 Barc-West, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA.
¹² Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, corporate member of Free University Berlin, Humboldt-University Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany, Berlin, Germany.
¹³ The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, GU24 0NF, Surrey, UK.
¹⁴ Department of Microbiology, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Dr Roux, 75015, Paris, France.
¹⁵ NIH/NIAID/DCR/Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick (IRF-Frederick), B-8200 Research Plaza, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA.
¹⁶ Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, CO, 80521, USA.
¹⁷ Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland.
¹⁸ Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, 77 Ave Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
¹⁹ Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 9, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland.
²⁰ Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante, CNR, UOS Bari, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126, Bari, Italy.
²¹ Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, 100 Old Hwy 12 Mail Stop 9775, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA.
²² Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Peter Medawar Building, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3SY, UK.
²³ Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, Okayama, 710-0046, Japan.
²⁴ School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Department of Immunobiology, BIO5 Institute, and University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA.
²⁵ KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Institute for the Future, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
²⁶ Center for Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Unidade de Microbiologia, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Rua da Junqueira, 100, 1349-008, Lisboa, Portugal.
²⁷ The Biodesign Center for Fundamental and Applied Microbiomics, School of Life Sciences, Center for Evolution and Medicine, Arizona State University, P.O. Box 874701, Tempe, AZ, 85287-4701, USA.
²⁸ Departamento de Fitopatologia/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil.

PMID: 34231026
DOI: 10.1007/s00705-021-05156-1

Changes to virus taxonomy and to the International Code of Virus Classification and Nomenclature ratified by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (2021)

Peter J Walker et al. Arch Virol. 2021 Sep.

. 2021 Sep;166(9):2633-2648.

doi: 10.1007/s00705-021-05156-1.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia.
² School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK.
³ Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), BBRB 276, 845 19th St South, Birmingham, AL, 35294-2170, USA.
⁴ Division of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, National Science Foundation, 2415 Eisenhower Avenue, Alexandria, VA, 22314, USA. mushegian2@gmail.com.
⁵ Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UQ, UK.
⁶ Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-000, Brazil.
⁷ MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Sir Michael Stoker Building, 464 Bearsden Road, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK.
⁸ Theoretical Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, Room Z-509, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
⁹ Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular, CCT-La Plata, CONICET, UNLP, calles 47 y 115 (1900), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
¹⁰ Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Hungária krt. 21, H-1143, Budapest, Hungary.
¹¹ Invasive Insect Biocontrol and Behavior Laboratory, USDA-ARS, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Bldg 007 Barc-West, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA.
¹² Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, corporate member of Free University Berlin, Humboldt-University Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany, Berlin, Germany.
¹³ The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, GU24 0NF, Surrey, UK.
¹⁴ Department of Microbiology, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Dr Roux, 75015, Paris, France.
¹⁵ NIH/NIAID/DCR/Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick (IRF-Frederick), B-8200 Research Plaza, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA.
¹⁶ Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, CO, 80521, USA.
¹⁷ Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland.
¹⁸ Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, 77 Ave Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
¹⁹ Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 9, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland.
²⁰ Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante, CNR, UOS Bari, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126, Bari, Italy.
²¹ Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, 100 Old Hwy 12 Mail Stop 9775, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA.
²² Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Peter Medawar Building, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3SY, UK.
²³ Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, Okayama, 710-0046, Japan.
²⁴ School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Department of Immunobiology, BIO5 Institute, and University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA.
²⁵ KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Institute for the Future, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
²⁶ Center for Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Unidade de Microbiologia, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Rua da Junqueira, 100, 1349-008, Lisboa, Portugal.
²⁷ The Biodesign Center for Fundamental and Applied Microbiomics, School of Life Sciences, Center for Evolution and Medicine, Arizona State University, P.O. Box 874701, Tempe, AZ, 85287-4701, USA.
²⁸ Departamento de Fitopatologia/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil.

PMID: 34231026
DOI: 10.1007/s00705-021-05156-1

Abstract

This article reports the changes to virus taxonomy approved and ratified by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) in March 2021. The entire ICTV was invited to vote on 290 taxonomic proposals approved by the ICTV Executive Committee at its meeting in October 2020, as well as on the proposed revision of the International Code of Virus Classification and Nomenclature (ICVCN). All proposals and the revision were ratified by an absolute majority of the ICTV members. Of note, ICTV mandated a uniform rule for virus species naming, which will follow the binomial 'genus-species' format with or without Latinized species epithets. The Study Groups are requested to convert all previously established species names to the new format. ICTV has also abolished the notion of a type species, i.e., a species chosen to serve as a name-bearing type of a virus genus. The remit of ICTV has been clarified through an official definition of 'virus' and several other types of mobile genetic elements. The ICVCN and ICTV Statutes have been amended to reflect these changes.

PubMed Disclaimer

References

1. Adriaenssens EM, Dutilh BE, Harrach B, Junglen S, Kropinski AM, Krupovic M, Kuhn JH, Mushegian A, Postler TS, Rubino L, Sabanadzovic S, Simmonds P, Varsani A, Zerbini M (2018) Modify the International Code of Virus Classification and Nomenclature (ICVCN) to prospectively mandate a uniform genus-species type virus species naming format https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2018.001G.R.binomial_species.pdf . kuhnjens@mail.nih.gov
1. Siddell SG, Lefkowitz EJ, Walker PJ (2020) Abolish type species https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2020.001G.R.Abolish_type_species.pdf . stuart.siddell@bristol.ac.uk
1. Walker PJ, Lefkowitz EJ, Mushegian A, Siddell SG, Davison AJ (2020) Adopt an expedited procedure for correction of unintended errors in ratified virus taxonomy https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2020.002G.R.Expedited_error_correction.pdf . peter.walker@uq.edu.au
1. Kuhn JH, Dolja VV, Krupovic M, Adriaenssens EM, Di Serio F, Dutilh BE, Flores R, Harrach B. Mushegian A, Owens B, Randles J, Rubino L, Sabanadzovic S, Simmonds P, Varsani A, Zerbini M, Koonin EV (2020) Expand, amend, and emend the International Code of Virus Classification and Nomenclature (ICVCN; “the Code”) and the Statutes to clearly define the remit of the ICTV https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2020.005G.R.Code_and_Statute_Change.pdf . kuhnjens@mail.nih.gov
1. Kuhn JH (2021) Correct mistakes inadvertently introduced into the ICVCN in 2020 https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2020.006G.Code_Correction.docx . kuhnjens@mail.nih.gov

MeSH terms

Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions

Grants and funding

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources
- Springer
Other Literature Sources
- The Lens - Patent Citations Database

Save citation to file

Email citation

Add to Collections

Add to My Bibliography

Your saved search

Create a file for external citation management software

Your RSS Feed

Changes to virus taxonomy and to the International Code of Virus Classification and Nomenclature ratified by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (2021)

Affiliations

Changes to virus taxonomy and to the International Code of Virus Classification and Nomenclature ratified by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (2021)

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

References

MeSH terms

Grants and funding

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources

Other Literature Sources