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. 2021 Nov 15;35(14):2299-2309.
doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000003015.

Lymphoma in HIV-2-infected patients in combination antiretroviral therapy era

Anne-Marie Ronchetti  1 , Sophie Matheron  2 , Lionel Galicier  1 , Florence Damond  3 , Nadia Mahjoub  4 , Nathalie Chaghil  5 , Véronique Meignin  6 , Frédéric Mechaï  7 , François Simon  4 , Eric Oksenhendler  1   8 , Laurence Gérard  1
Affiliations

Lymphoma in HIV-2-infected patients in combination antiretroviral therapy era

Anne-Marie Ronchetti et al. AIDS. .

Abstract

Objective: To describe lymphoma in HIV-2-infected patients and compare their characteristics with lymphoma in HIV-1-infected patients.

Design: Ancillary analysis from a single center prospective cohort of HIV-lymphoma.

Methods: We report on 16 patients with HIV-2-lymphoma diagnosed after 1996 and included in a prospective cohort of HIV lymphoma. Five additional HIV-2-infected patients coinfected with HIV-1 or/and HTLV-I (6 lymphomas) are separately reported. The incidence of lymphoma in HIV-2-infected patients was evaluated in the French multicentric HIV-2 cohort.

Results: Incidence of lymphoma in the French HIV-2 cohort was estimated as 0.6/1000 patient-years. In our series, the median CD4+ cell count was 166 × 106/l at the time of lymphoma diagnosis and 50% of patients had undetectable plasma HIV-2-RNA. Lymphomas were non-Hodgkin lymphoma (n = 12) and classical Hodgkin lymphoma (n = 4). Similarly to HIV-1-lymphoma, clinical presentation was aggressive in most cases. All but one patient received intensive chemotherapy. Complete remission was achieved in 13 cases and 1 patient relapsed. The overall survival was not statistically different from that observed in patients with HIV-1 lymphoma. The six additional lymphomas observed in five HIV-2-infected patients coinfected with HIV-1 or/and HTLV-I presented with similar clinical presentation but worse prognosis.

Conclusion: Despite the lower pathogenicity of HIV-2, the risk of developing lymphoma seems to be close to that observed in HIV-1 population with similar lymphoma characteristics. Compared with HIV-1, HIV-2-infected patients developed lymphoma later in their life but at a similar CD4+ cell count level.

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