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. 2021 Jul 8;11(1):14129.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-93734-3.

A retrospective analysis of malaria epidemiological characteristics in Yingjiang County on the China-Myanmar border

Fang Huang  1 , Shi-Gang Li  2 , Peng Tian  3 , Xiang-Rui Guo  2 , Zhi-Gui Xia  4 , Shui-Sen Zhou  4 , Hong-Ning Zhou  3 , Xiao-Nong Zhou  5
Affiliations

A retrospective analysis of malaria epidemiological characteristics in Yingjiang County on the China-Myanmar border

Fang Huang et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

Yingjiang County, which is on the China-Myanmar border, is the main focus for malaria elimination in China. The epidemiological characteristics of malaria in Yingjiang County were analysed in a retrospective analysis. A total of 895 malaria cases were reported in Yingjiang County between 2013 and 2019. The majority of cases occurred in males (70.7%) and individuals aged 19-59 years (77.3%). Plasmodium vivax was the predominant species (96.6%). The number of indigenous cases decreased gradually and since 2017, no indigenous cases have been reported. Malaria cases were mainly distributed in the southern and southwestern areas of the county; 55.6% of the indigenous cases were reported in Nabang Township, which also had the highest risk of imported malaria. The "1-3-7" approach has been implemented effectively, with 100% of cases reported within 24 h, 88.9% cases investigated and confirmed within 3 days and 98.5% of foci responded to within 7 days. Although malaria elimination has been achieved in Yingjiang County, sustaining elimination and preventing the re-establishment of malaria require the continued strengthening of case detection, surveillance and response systems targeting the migrant population in border areas.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The number of reported malaria cases in 15 townships and the proportion of indigenous and imported cases at the township level. Townships was colored based on the number of reported malaria cases in each year. The pie indicates the proportion of indigenous cases and imported cases in the townships with indigenous cases reported in 2013–2016. Maps were created by the first author (FH) using ArcGIS version 10.1, https://www.arcgis.com, and data of malaria cases were from publicly available sources (CIDRS, Malaria Elimination Programme, China).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Monthly distribution of malaria cases in Yingjiang County, 2013–2019. The number of imported, indigenous and total cases were displayed monthly. The line of imported cases and total cases were overlap from May of 2016 to December of 2019.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Durations of case investigations and confirmations by county CDCs, 2013–2019. The median, range and upper and lower quartiles, and discrete values of the data were divided by discrete duration ranges. The figure was created in R using ggplot2 package (R Core Team, Vienna, Austria, 2020, www.R-project.org; version 4.0.3).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Location of Yingjiang County and the townships along the China–Myanmar border. A total of 15 townships were included in Yingjiang County, nine of which borders Myanmar shown with light red color. Maps were created by the first author (FH) working with ArcGIS version 10.1, https://www.arcgis.com.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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