Erratum: Precision Medicine for Paediatric Severe Asthma: Current Status and Future Direction [Corrigendum]

Abstract

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.2147/JAA.S265657.].

Figure 1

Eosinophilic asthma inflammatory pathways. There are two aetiologies for eosinophilic inflammation in asthma: an allergic pathway triggered by allergens and a non-allergic mechanism triggered by microbes, pollutants and glycolipids. The key mediators in the pathways are depicted below. Eosinophils release cationic proteins,⁵⁷ which lead to bronchial epithelial tissue damage, thus causing airways hyper-responsiveness. Eosinophils also lead to airway smooth muscle cell proliferation through increased eosinophils adhesion caused by the release of cationic proteins and the eosinophilic effect on transforming growth factor-β1 and gene coding of wingless/integrase-1 signaling. IL-13 triggers mucus hyper-secretion. Figure created with BioRender.com.

Figure 2

Licensed mediator cascade of biologics used in eosinophilic asthma. The figure shows the targets for the licensed biologics. Omalizumab is an IgE-blocker. Mepolizumab, reslizumab and benralizumab are anti IL-5 agents. Dupilumab is an Anti-IL-4/anti-IL-13 agent. Figure created with BioRender.com.