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. 2021 Jun 24:12:671620.
doi: 10.3389/fpls.2021.671620. eCollection 2021.

High-Density GBS-Based Genetic Linkage Map Construction and QTL Identification Associated With Yellow Mosaic Disease Resistance in Bitter Gourd (Momordica charantia L.)

Gurpreet Kaur  1 , Mamta Pathak  2 , Deepak Singla  1 , Abhishek Sharma  2 , Parveen Chhuneja  1 , Navraj Kaur Sarao  1
Affiliations

High-Density GBS-Based Genetic Linkage Map Construction and QTL Identification Associated With Yellow Mosaic Disease Resistance in Bitter Gourd (Momordica charantia L.)

Gurpreet Kaur et al. Front Plant Sci. .

Abstract

Yellow mosaic disease (YMD) in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia) is a devastating disease that seriously affects its yield. Although there is currently no effective method to control the disease, breeding of resistant varieties is the most effective and economic option. Moreover, quantitative trait locus (QTL) associated with resistance to YMD has not yet been reported. With the objective of mapping YMD resistance in bitter gourd, the susceptible parent "Punjab-14" and the resistant parent "PAUBG-6" were crossed to obtain F4 mapping population comprising 101 individuals. In the present study, the genotyping by sequencing (GBS) approach was used to develop the genetic linkage map. The map contained 3,144 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers, consisted of 15 linkage groups, and it spanned 2415.2 cM with an average marker distance of 0.7 cM. By adopting the artificial and field inoculation techniques, F4:5 individuals were phenotyped for disease resistance in Nethouse (2019), Rainy (2019), and Spring season (2020). The QTL analysis using the genetic map and phenotyping data identified three QTLs qYMD.pau_3.1, qYMD.pau_4.1, and qYMD.pau_5.1 on chromosome 3, 4, and 5 respectively. Among these, qYMD.pau_3.1, qYMD.pau_4.1 QTLs were identified during the rainy season, explaining the 13.5 and 21.6% phenotypic variance respectively, whereas, during the spring season, qYMD.pau_4.1 and qYMD.pau_5.1 QTLs were observed with 17.5 and 22.1% phenotypic variance respectively. Only one QTL qYMD.pau_5.1 was identified for disease resistance under nethouse conditions with 15.6% phenotypic variance. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the identification of QTLs associated with YMD resistance in bitter gourd using SNP markers. The information generated in this study is very useful in the future for fine-mapping and marker-assisted selection for disease resistance.

Keywords: bitter gourd; genotyping by sequencing; linkage map; quantitative trait loci; yellow mosaic disease.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Yellow mosaic disease symptom variations in field (a) normal plant, (b) stunted growth, (c) small deformed fruits, (d) shortening of internodes, (e) stem hairiness, and (f) reduction in the number of flowers.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Frequency distribution for YMD reaction in F4:5 families derived from the cross between Punjab-14 and PAUBG-6 in three environments.
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
Distribution of SNPs identified in the F4 population from Punjab-14 x PAUBG-6 in bitter gourd. Track A represents 11 chromosomes in different colors. Tracks B, C, and D represent raw SNPs, filtered SNPs, and mapped SNPs within 100 kb window on 11 chromosomes.
FIGURE 4
FIGURE 4
Genetic linkage map developed from the F4 population derived from a cross between Punjab-14 and PAUBG-6.
FIGURE 5
FIGURE 5
Quantitative trait locus detected for yellow mosaic disease resistance in the (A) Nethouse, (B) Rainy season of the year 2019, and (C) Spring season of the year 2020. Plots indicate the genetic coordinate on the x-axis and LOD score on the y-axis of detected QTLs.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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