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Observational Study
. 2021 Jun 24:9:659017.
doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.659017. eCollection 2021.

Processes for Implementing Community Health Worker Workforce Development Initiatives

Colleen Barbero  1 , Theresa Mason  2 , Carl Rush  2 , Meredith Sugarman  3 , Aunima R Bhuiya  4 , Erika B Fulmer  1 , Jill Feldstein  5 , Naomi Cottoms  6 , Ashley Wennerstrom  3   7
Affiliations
Observational Study

Processes for Implementing Community Health Worker Workforce Development Initiatives

Colleen Barbero et al. Front Public Health. .

Abstract

Introduction: The objective of this observational, cross-sectional study was to identify, document, and assess the progress made to date in implementing various processes involved in statewide community health worker (CHW) workforce development initiatives. Methods: From September 2017 to December 2020, we developed and applied a conceptual model of processes involved in implementing statewide CHW initiatives. One or more outputs were identified for each model process and assessed across the 50 states, D.C., and Puerto Rico using peer-reviewed and gray literature available as of September 2020. Results: Twelve statewide CHW workforce development processes were identified, and 21 outputs were assessed. We found an average of eight processes implemented per state, with seven states implementing all 12 processes. As of September 2020, 45 states had a multi-stakeholder CHW coalition and 31 states had a statewide CHW organization. In 20 states CHWs were included in Medicaid Managed Care Organizations or Health Plans. We found routine monitoring of statewide CHW employment in six states. Discussion: Stakeholders have advanced statewide CHW workforce development initiatives using the processes reflected in our conceptual model. Our results could help to inform future CHW initiative design, measurement, monitoring, and evaluation efforts, especially at the state level.

Keywords: community health representative; community health worker; promotor; promotora; workforce development.

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Conflict of interest statement

CR and TM were employed by the company Community Resources, LLC. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Conceptual model of processes involved in statewide community health worker (CHW) workforce development initiative implementation.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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