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Meta-Analysis
. 2021 Nov;83(5):523-532.
doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2021.06.029. Epub 2021 Jul 11.

Incidence of non-typhoidal Salmonella invasive disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Christian S Marchello  1 , Fabio Fiorino  2 , Elena Pettini  2 , John A Crump  3 ; Vacc-iNTS Consortium Collaborators
Collaborators, Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Incidence of non-typhoidal Salmonella invasive disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Christian S Marchello et al. J Infect. 2021 Nov.

Abstract

Objectives: We sought to collate and summarize high-quality data on non-typhoidal Salmonella invasive disease (iNTS) incidence to provide contemporary incidence estimates by location and year.

Methods: We systematically searched the databases Embase + MEDLINE, Web of Science, and PubMed for articles published on the incidence of iNTS from inception of the database through 8 May 2020 with no language, country, date, or demographic restrictions applied. A meta-analysis was performed to report pooled iNTS incidence as a rate of cases per 100,000 per year.

Results: Among 13 studies eligible for analysis, there were 68 estimates of incidence. Overall pooled incidence (95% CI) was 44.8 (31.5-60.5) per 100,000 persons per year. When stratified by region, pooled incidence was significantly higher in Africa than Asia, 51.0 (36.3-68.0) compared to 1.0 (0.2-2.5), respectively. Incidence was consistently higher in children aged <5 years compared with older age groups. Incidence displayed considerable heterogeneity in both place and time, varying substantially between locations and over consecutive years in the same location.

Conclusions: iNTS incidence varies by region, location, age group, and over time. Concerted efforts are needed to address the limited high-quality data available on iNTS disease incidence.

Keywords: Incidence; Meta-analysis; Non-typhoidal Salmonella; Systematic review.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of Competing Interest None

Figures

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.
Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses flow diagram of search strategy and selection of articles for incidence of non-typhoidal Salmonella invasive disease, 1996–2016.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2.
Quality assessment for risk of bias of included studies on incidence of non-typhoidal Salmonella invasive disease by domain, 1996 through 2016.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3.
Forest plot of non-typhoidal Salmonella invasive disease incidence in Africa by United Nations sub-regions, 1996–2016 * Data from Marks et al. is same location and year as Verani et al.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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