Kidney cancer: from genes to therapy

Abstract

Renal cell carcinoma incidence is rising worldwide with increasing subtype stratification by the World Health Organization. Each subtype has unique genetic alterations, cell biology changes and clinical findings. Such genetic alterations offer the potential for individualized therapeutic approaches that are rapidly progressing. This review highlights the most common subtypes of renal cell carcinoma, including both hereditary and sporadic forms, with a focus on genetic changes, clinical findings and ongoing clinical trials.

Keywords: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma; Hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer; Papillary renal cell carcinoma; Translocation renal cell carcinoma; Von hippel lindau.