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Review
. 2021 May 26:65.
doi: 10.29219/fnr.v65.7686. eCollection 2021.

Unlocking the potential for achievement of the UN Sustainable Development Goal 2 - 'Zero Hunger' - in Africa: targets, strategies, synergies and challenges

Prudence Atukunda  1 , Wenche Barth Eide  1 , Kristin R Kardel  1 , Per Ole Iversen  1   2   3 , Ane C Westerberg  4   5
Affiliations
Review

Unlocking the potential for achievement of the UN Sustainable Development Goal 2 - 'Zero Hunger' - in Africa: targets, strategies, synergies and challenges

Prudence Atukunda et al. Food Nutr Res. .

Abstract

Background: The UN Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 2 ('Zero Hunger') aims to end all forms of hunger and malnutrition by 2030. Thus, a range of different strategies are needed to facilitate the achievement of SDG 2 to overcome challenges and enable synergies between various SDG targets.

Objective: The aim of this review is to highlight Africa's progress toward SDG 2, including targets, strategies, synergies and challenges.

Methods: We scrutinized published research articles in peer-reviewed journals, UN reports and in-country Africa reports (between 2015 and 2020) that were relevant to the current topic.

Results: Several hunger indicators are showing slow progress or even deterioration in Africa. The prevalence of undernourishment in the general population was 19.1% in 2019 and is expected to increase to 25.7% by 2030. Improvements in child stunting in several regions in Africa are slow, especially in sub-Saharan Africa where about 34% of under-fives were stunted in 2012 and 31% in 2019. In Eastern Africa, stunting prevalence decreased from 38% in 2012 to 34% in 2019. Major drivers of hunger are poor governance and state fragility, war and conflicts, increasing inequality, weak economic development, climate change, biodegradation - and now lately the Covid 19 pandemic - factors that all increase food insecurity.

Conclusion: Africa is off track to reach SDG - 'Zero Hunger' - by 2030. Current efforts and progress are insufficient. Africa must champion the SDG agenda on a national, regional and global level to facilitate synergies to unlock the potential for reaching 'Zero Hunger' throughout the continent.

Keywords: Africa; Covid pandemic; Sustainable Development Goals; United Nations; climate change; development programs; food systems; governance; malnutrition.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no potential conflicts of interest. PA and POI received funding from the Throne Holst Foundation and the Centre for Global Health at the University of Oslo’s Research ExceLlence and Innovation in Global HealTh (RELIGHT) program.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
An overview of the 17 United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. Modified from (65, 66).
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
The 5Ps (people’s well-being; planet with protection of the earth’s ecosystems; prosperity with eradication of poverty and inequality; peace, and international partnerships) of sustainable development. Modified from (4, 5).
Fig 3
Fig 3
Food insecurity in Africa for the period 2014–2019. Modified from (8).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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