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. 2021 Jun 1;9(7):3593-3601.
doi: 10.1002/fsn3.2316. eCollection 2021 Jul.

Potential of rosmarinic acid to ameliorate toxic effects of diethyl methoxy thio‑phosphoryl thio‑succinate on albino wistar rats' lung, mast cell infiltration inhibitory pathway

Ahmed S Ahmed  1 , Marwa M Mona  2 , Mona A Abdel-Kareem  3 , Rasha A Elsisy  3
Affiliations

Potential of rosmarinic acid to ameliorate toxic effects of diethyl methoxy thio‑phosphoryl thio‑succinate on albino wistar rats' lung, mast cell infiltration inhibitory pathway

Ahmed S Ahmed et al. Food Sci Nutr. .

Abstract

Malathion (MA) is a widely used pesticide in agriculture. It can cause toxicity in different organs of the body. Rosmarinic acid (RO) is found in rosemary extract that can be absorbed through gastrointestinal tract mucosa with potent antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory potential. The current study is designed to investigate the potential of RO to protect the lung after MA administration. Forty albino rats were allocated equally to four groups. C-group received corn oil. RO-group received RO orally. MA-group received MA. MA-RO-group received RO in addition to MA. After three weeks the lungs were dissected for histopathological and biochemical investigations. MA-group showed manifestations of severe inflammation with inflammatory cells infiltration in the lung. MA-RO-group showed limited inflammatory cell infiltration. C-group and RO-group appeared with weak anti-survivin immunoreactivity. MA-group showed strong positive immunoreactivity. The reactivity was weakly positive in MA-RO-group. MA-group showed a significant decrease in SP-D gene expression in comparison to the C-group, in addition, MA-RO-group showed a significant increase in SP-D expression. In conclusion, the current study approves that oral administration of MA causes lung injury as it has inflammatory effects, caused by oxidative stress and reports the potential of RO to protect lung tissue against toxic effects of MA through its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic potential.

Keywords: SP‐D gene; lung; malathion; mast cell; rosmarinic acid.

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Conflict of interest statement

Authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
(a–d) Photomicrographs of lung stained with hematoxylin and eosin (X 400), (n = 10). (a, b) Represents C‐group and RO‐group respectively with normal histological architecture. (c) Represents MA‐group with manifestations of severe inflammation with inflammatory cells infiltration in addition to areas of hemorrhage. The width of most alveoli appears decreased, few alveoli are completely obliterated. (d) Represents MA‐RO‐group with regain of the normal histological architecture. (Note: V = alveoli, B. = bronchioles, B.V. = blood vessels, Black arrow =interalveolar septa, Yellow arrow=inflammatory cells infiltration). (E) Represents histopathological scoring with significant (p <.05) increase in MA‐group if compared to C‐group while MA‐RO‐group showed a significant (p <.05) decrease if compared to MA‐group. * significant (p <.05) difference in comparison to C‐group. # significant (p <.05) difference in comparison to MA‐group. Data are presented as mean ± SD, (n = 10)
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
(a–d) Photomicrographs of lung stained with anti‐tyrosine‐kinase receptor c‐kit antibody (X 400), (n = 10). C‐group (a) and RO‐group (b) appear with weak immunoreactivity. MA‐group (c) shows strong positive immunoreactivity. The reactivity is weak positive in MA‐RO‐group (d). (e) Scoring shows a significant (p <.05) increase in MA‐group if compared to C‐group while MA‐RO‐group shows a significant (p <.05) decrease if compared to MA‐group. * significant (p <.05) difference in comparison to C‐group. # significant (p <.05) difference in comparison to MA‐group. Data are presented as mean ± SD, (n = 10)
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
(a–d) Photomicrographs of lung stained with anti‐survivin antibody (X 400), (n = 10). C‐group (a) and RO‐group (b) appear with weak immunoreactivity. MA‐group (c) shows strong positive immunoreactivity. The reactivity is weak positive in MA‐RO‐group (d). (e) Scoring shows a significant (p <.05) increase in MA‐group if compared to C‐group while MA‐RO‐group shows a significant (p <.05) decrease if compared to MA‐group. * significant (p <.05) difference in comparison to C‐group. # significant (p <.05) difference in comparison to MA‐group. Data are presented as mean ± SD, (n = 10)
FIGURE 4
FIGURE 4
Effect of RO on SP‐D gene expression after MA administration. MA‐group shows a significant (p <.05) decrease of SP‐D gene expression if compared to C‐group. There is a significant increase (p <.05) in gene expression of MA‐RO‐group if compared to MA‐group. * significant (p <.05) difference in comparison to C‐group. # significant (p <.05) difference in comparison to MA‐group. Data are presented as mean ± SD, (n = 10)
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