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[Preprint]. 2021 Jul 7:2021.07.05.21259918.
doi: 10.1101/2021.07.05.21259918.

Durable Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses Following Ad26.COV2.S Vaccination for COVID-19

Dan H Barouch  1 , Kathryn E Stephenson  1 , Jerald Sadoff  2 , Jingyou Yu  1 , Aiquan Chang  1 , Makda Gebre  1 , Katherine McMahan  1 , Jinyan Liu  1 , Abishek Chandrashekar  1 , Shivani Patel  1 , Mathieu Le Gars  2 , Anne Marit de Groot  2 , Dirk Heerwegh  3 , Frank Struyf  3 , Macaya Douoguih  2 , Johan van Hoof  2 , Hanneke Schuitemaker  2
Affiliations

Durable Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses Following Ad26.COV2.S Vaccination for COVID-19

Dan H Barouch et al. medRxiv. .

Update in

  • Durable Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses 8 Months after Ad26.COV2.S Vaccination.
    Barouch DH, Stephenson KE, Sadoff J, Yu J, Chang A, Gebre M, McMahan K, Liu J, Chandrashekar A, Patel S, Le Gars M, de Groot AM, Heerwegh D, Struyf F, Douoguih M, van Hoof J, Schuitemaker H. Barouch DH, et al. N Engl J Med. 2021 Sep 2;385(10):951-953. doi: 10.1056/NEJMc2108829. Epub 2021 Jul 14. N Engl J Med. 2021. PMID: 34260834 Free PMC article. No abstract available.

Abstract

Interim immunogenicity and efficacy data for the Ad26.COV2.S vaccine for COVID-19 have recently been reported 1-3 . We describe here the 8-month durability of humoral and cellular immune responses in 20 individuals who received one or two doses of 5Ã-10 10 vp or 10 11 vp Ad26.COV2.S and in 5 participants who received placebo 2 . We evaluated antibody and T cell responses on day 239, which was 8 months after the single-shot vaccine regimen (N=10) or 6 months after the two-shot vaccine regimen (N=10), although the present study was not powered to compare these regimens 3 . We also report neutralizing antibody responses against the parental SARS-CoV-2 WA1/2020 strain as well as against the SARS-CoV-2 variants D614G, B.1.1.7 (alpha), B.1.617.1 (kappa), B.1.617.2 (delta), P.1 (gamma), B.1.429 (epsilon), and B.1.351 (beta).

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.. Durability of humoral and cellular immune responses following Ad26.COV2.S vaccination.
(A) SARS-CoV-2 WA1/2020 receptor binding domain (RBD)-specific binding antibodies by ELISA, pseudovirus neutralizing antibody assays, and spike-specific CD8+ and CD4+ T cell responses by intracellular cytokine staining assays on days 29, 57, 71 or 85, and 239. Red arrows highlight three individuals who developed breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection (filled circle; N=1) or who received mRNA vaccines (open triangles; N=2) between days 71 and 239. (B) Pseudovirus neutralizing antibody assays against the parental WA1/2020 strain as well as the SARS-CoV-2 variants D614G, B.1.1.7 (alpha), B.1.617.1 (kappa), B.1.617.2 (delta), P.1 (gamma), B.1.429 (epsilon), and B.1.351 (beta) on days 29 and 239. (C) Left, pseudovirus neutralizing antibody assays on day 239 following Ad26.COV2.S vaccination excluding the three individuals who developed breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection or who received mRNA vaccines. Right, pseudovirus neutralizing antibody assays on day 239 also restricted to individuals who received single-shot Ad26.COV2.S vaccination. Red bars reflect median responses. Dotted lines reflect lower limits of quantitation based on the WA1/2020 assay. Filled squares, placebo; filled circles, 1011 vp (single dose); open circles, 1011 vp (two dose); filled triangles, 5×1010 vp (single dose); open triangles, 5×1010 vp (two dose). For the two-dose vaccine, immunizations were on Day 1 and Day 57.
Figure 1.
Figure 1.. Durability of humoral and cellular immune responses following Ad26.COV2.S vaccination.
(A) SARS-CoV-2 WA1/2020 receptor binding domain (RBD)-specific binding antibodies by ELISA, pseudovirus neutralizing antibody assays, and spike-specific CD8+ and CD4+ T cell responses by intracellular cytokine staining assays on days 29, 57, 71 or 85, and 239. Red arrows highlight three individuals who developed breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection (filled circle; N=1) or who received mRNA vaccines (open triangles; N=2) between days 71 and 239. (B) Pseudovirus neutralizing antibody assays against the parental WA1/2020 strain as well as the SARS-CoV-2 variants D614G, B.1.1.7 (alpha), B.1.617.1 (kappa), B.1.617.2 (delta), P.1 (gamma), B.1.429 (epsilon), and B.1.351 (beta) on days 29 and 239. (C) Left, pseudovirus neutralizing antibody assays on day 239 following Ad26.COV2.S vaccination excluding the three individuals who developed breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection or who received mRNA vaccines. Right, pseudovirus neutralizing antibody assays on day 239 also restricted to individuals who received single-shot Ad26.COV2.S vaccination. Red bars reflect median responses. Dotted lines reflect lower limits of quantitation based on the WA1/2020 assay. Filled squares, placebo; filled circles, 1011 vp (single dose); open circles, 1011 vp (two dose); filled triangles, 5×1010 vp (single dose); open triangles, 5×1010 vp (two dose). For the two-dose vaccine, immunizations were on Day 1 and Day 57.
Figure 1.
Figure 1.. Durability of humoral and cellular immune responses following Ad26.COV2.S vaccination.
(A) SARS-CoV-2 WA1/2020 receptor binding domain (RBD)-specific binding antibodies by ELISA, pseudovirus neutralizing antibody assays, and spike-specific CD8+ and CD4+ T cell responses by intracellular cytokine staining assays on days 29, 57, 71 or 85, and 239. Red arrows highlight three individuals who developed breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection (filled circle; N=1) or who received mRNA vaccines (open triangles; N=2) between days 71 and 239. (B) Pseudovirus neutralizing antibody assays against the parental WA1/2020 strain as well as the SARS-CoV-2 variants D614G, B.1.1.7 (alpha), B.1.617.1 (kappa), B.1.617.2 (delta), P.1 (gamma), B.1.429 (epsilon), and B.1.351 (beta) on days 29 and 239. (C) Left, pseudovirus neutralizing antibody assays on day 239 following Ad26.COV2.S vaccination excluding the three individuals who developed breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection or who received mRNA vaccines. Right, pseudovirus neutralizing antibody assays on day 239 also restricted to individuals who received single-shot Ad26.COV2.S vaccination. Red bars reflect median responses. Dotted lines reflect lower limits of quantitation based on the WA1/2020 assay. Filled squares, placebo; filled circles, 1011 vp (single dose); open circles, 1011 vp (two dose); filled triangles, 5×1010 vp (single dose); open triangles, 5×1010 vp (two dose). For the two-dose vaccine, immunizations were on Day 1 and Day 57.
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References

    1. Sadoff J, Gray G, Vandebosch A, et al. Safety and Efficacy of Single-Dose Ad26.COV2.S Vaccine against Covid-19. N Engl J Med 2021. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Stephenson KE, Le Gars M, Sadoff J, et al. Immunogenicity of the Ad26.COV2.S Vaccine for COVID-19. JAMA 2021;325:1535–44. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Sadoff J, Le Gars M, Shukarev G, et al. Interim Results of a Phase 1–2a Trial of Ad26.COV2.S Covid-19 Vaccine. N Engl J Med 2021;384:1824–35. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Salisch NC, Stephenson KE, Williams K, et al. A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Phase 1 Study of Ad26.ZIKV.001, an Ad26-Vectored Anti-Zika Virus Vaccine. Ann Intern Med 2021. - PubMed
    1. Doria-Rose N, Suthar MS, Makowski M, et al. Antibody Persistence through 6 Months after the Second Dose of mRNA-1273 Vaccine for Covid-19. N Engl J Med 2021. - PMC - PubMed

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