Continuous monitoring of deep-tissue haemodynamics with stretchable ultrasonic phased arrays

Chonghe Wang^#^{1

2}, Baiyan Qi^#³, Muyang Lin^#¹, Zhuorui Zhang^#¹, Mitsutoshi Makihata¹, Boyu Liu¹, Sai Zhou¹, Yi-Hsi Huang¹, Hongjie Hu³, Yue Gu³, Yimu Chen¹, Yusheng Lei¹, Taeyoon Lee^{4

5}, Shu Chien⁶, Kyung-In Jang⁷, Erik B Kistler^{6

8}, Sheng Xu^{9

10

11

12}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
² John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
³ Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
⁴ School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
⁵ Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
⁶ Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
⁷ Department of Robotics Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
⁸ Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
⁹ Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. shengxu@ucsd.edu.
¹⁰ Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. shengxu@ucsd.edu.
¹¹ Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. shengxu@ucsd.edu.
¹² Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. shengxu@ucsd.edu.

^# Contributed equally.

PMID: 34272524
DOI: 10.1038/s41551-021-00763-4

Continuous monitoring of deep-tissue haemodynamics with stretchable ultrasonic phased arrays

Chonghe Wang et al. Nat Biomed Eng. 2021 Jul.

. 2021 Jul;5(7):749-758.

doi: 10.1038/s41551-021-00763-4. Epub 2021 Jul 16.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
² John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
³ Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
⁴ School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
⁵ Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
⁶ Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
⁷ Department of Robotics Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
⁸ Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
⁹ Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. shengxu@ucsd.edu.
¹⁰ Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. shengxu@ucsd.edu.
¹¹ Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. shengxu@ucsd.edu.
¹² Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. shengxu@ucsd.edu.

^# Contributed equally.

PMID: 34272524
DOI: 10.1038/s41551-021-00763-4

Abstract

Stretchable wearable devices for the continuous monitoring of physiological signals from deep tissues are constrained by the depth of signal penetration and by difficulties in resolving signals from specific tissues. Here, we report the development and testing of a prototype skin-conformal ultrasonic phased array for the monitoring of haemodynamic signals from tissues up to 14 cm beneath the skin. The device allows for active focusing and steering of ultrasound beams over a range of incident angles so as to target regions of interest. In healthy volunteers, we show that the phased array can be used to monitor Doppler spectra from cardiac tissues, record central blood flow waveforms and estimate cerebral blood supply in real time. Stretchable and conformal skin-worn ultrasonic phased arrays may open up opportunities for wearable diagnostics.

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References

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Continuous monitoring of deep-tissue haemodynamics with stretchable ultrasonic phased arrays

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Continuous monitoring of deep-tissue haemodynamics with stretchable ultrasonic phased arrays

Authors

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Abstract

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