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. 2021 Sep:8:100171.
doi: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2021.100171. Epub 2021 Jul 13.

Impact of original, B.1.1.7, and B.1.351/P.1 SARS-CoV-2 lineages on vaccine effectiveness of two doses of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines: Results from a nationwide case-control study in France

Tiffany Charmet  1 , Laura Schaeffer  1 , Rebecca Grant  1   2 , Simon Galmiche  1 , Olivia Chény  3 , Cassandre Von Platen  3 , Alexandra Maurizot  4 , Alexandra Rogoff  4 , Faïza Omar  5 , Christophe David  5 , Alexandra Septfons  6 , Simon Cauchemez  7 , Alexandre Gaymard  8   9 , Bruno Lina  8   9 , Louise H Lefrancois  10   11 , Vincent Enouf  10   11   12 , Sylvie van der Werf  10   11 , Alexandra Mailles  6 , Daniel Levy-Bruhl  6 , Fabrice Carrat  13 , Arnaud Fontanet  1   14
Affiliations

Impact of original, B.1.1.7, and B.1.351/P.1 SARS-CoV-2 lineages on vaccine effectiveness of two doses of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines: Results from a nationwide case-control study in France

Tiffany Charmet et al. Lancet Reg Health Eur. 2021 Sep.

Abstract

Background: We aimed to assess the effectiveness of two doses of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines against COVID-19 with the original virus and other lineages circulating in France.

Methods: In this nationwide case-control study, cases were SARS-CoV-2 infected adults with onset of symptoms between 14 February and 3 May 2021. Controls were non-infected adults from a national representative panel matched to cases by age, sex, region, population density and calendar week. Participants completed an online questionnaire on recent activity-related exposures and vaccination history. Information about the infecting virus was based on a screening RT-PCR for either B.1.1.7 or B.1.351/P.1 variants.

Findings: Included in our analysis were 7 288 adults infected with the original SARS-CoV-2 virus, 31 313 with the B.1.1.7 lineage, 2 550 with B.1.351/P1 lineages, and 3 644 controls. In multivariable analysis, the vaccine effectiveness (95% confidence interval) seven days after the second dose of mRNA vaccine was estimated at 88% (81-92), 86% (81-90) and 77% (63-86) against COVID-19 with the original virus, the B.1.1.7 lineage, and the B.1.351/P.1 lineages, respectively. Recent (2 to 6 months) history of virologically confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection was found to be 83% (76-88), 88% (85-91) and 83% (71-90) protective against COVID-19 with the original virus, the B.1.1.7 lineage, and the B.1.351/P.1 lineages, respectively; and more distant (> 6 months) infections were 76% (54-87), 84% (75-90), and 74% (41-89) protective against COVID-19 with the original virus, the B.1.1.7 lineage, and the B.1.351/P.1 lineages, respectively.

Interpretation: In real-life settings, two doses of mRNA vaccines proved to be effective against COVID-19 with the original virus, B.1.1.7 lineage and B.1.351/P.1 lineages.

Funding: Institut Pasteur, Research & Action Emerging Infectious Diseases (REACTing), Fondation de France (Alliance "Tous unis contre le virus").

Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2 variants; Vaccine effectiveness; case-control study; epidemiology.

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Conflict of interest statement

All authors have nothing to declare.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Flowchart of cases and controls selection for analysis.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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