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. 2021 Jul 28;288(1955):20211115.
doi: 10.1098/rspb.2021.1115. Epub 2021 Jul 21.

Sex differences in human mate preferences vary across sex ratios

Kathryn V Walter  1 Daniel Conroy-Beam  1 David M Buss  2 Kelly Asao  3 Agnieszka Sorokowska  4   5 Piotr Sorokowski  4 Toivo Aavik  6 Grace Akello  7 Mohammad Madallh Alhabahba  8 Charlotte Alm  9 Naumana Amjad  10 Afifa Anjum  11 Chiemezie S Atama  12 Derya Atamtürk Duyar  13 Richard Ayebare  14 Carlota Batres  15 Mons Bendixen  16 Aicha Bensafia  17 Boris Bizumic  18 Mahmoud Boussena  19 Marina Butovskaya  20   21 Seda Can  22 Katarzyna Cantarero  23 Antonin Carrier  24 Hakan Cetinkaya  25 Ilona Croy  26 Rosa María Cueto  27 Marcin Czub  3 Daria Dronova  20 Seda Dural  22 Izzet Duyar  13 Berna Ertugrul  13 Agustín Espinosa  27 Ignacio Estevan  28 Carla Sofia Esteves  29 Luxi Fang  30 Tomasz Frackowiak  4 Jorge Contreras Garduño  31 Karina Ugalde González  32 Farida Guemaz  33 Petra Gyuris  34 Mária Halamová  35 Iskra Herak  36 Marina Horvat  37 Ivana Hromatko  38 Chin-Ming Hui  31 Jas Laile Jaafar  39 Feng Jiang  40 Konstantinos Kafetsios  41 Tina Kavčič  42 Leif Edward Ottesen Kennair  16 Nicolas Kervyn  36 Truong Thi Khanh Ha  43 Imran Ahmed Khilji  44 Nils C Köbis  45 Hoang Moc Lan  43 András Láng  34 Georgina R Lennard  18 Ernesto León  27 Torun Lindholm  9 Trinh Thi Linh  43 Giulia Lopez  46 Nguyen Van Luot  43 Alvaro Mailhos  28 Zoi Manesi  47 Rocio Martinez  48 Sarah L McKerchar  18 Norbert Meskó  34 Girishwar Misra  49 Conal Monaghan  18 Emanuel C Mora  50 Alba Moya-Garófano  44 Bojan Musil  37 Jean Carlos Natividade  51 Agnieszka Niemczyk  4 George Nizharadze  52 Elisabeth Oberzaucher  53 Anna Oleszkiewicz  4   5 Mohd Sofian Omar-Fauzee  54 Ike E Onyishi  55 Baris Özener  13 Ariela Francesca Pagani  46 Vilmante Pakalniskiene  56 Miriam Parise  46 Farid Pazhoohi  57 Annette Pisanski  50 Katarzyna Pisanski  3   58   59 Edna Ponciano  60   61 Camelia Popa  62 Pavol Prokop  63   64 Muhammad Rizwan  65 Mario Sainz  66 Svjetlana Salkičević  38 Ruta Sargautyte  56 Ivan Sarmány-Schuller  67 Susanne Schmehl  53 Shivantika Sharad  68 Razi Sultan Siddiqui  69 Franco Simonetti  70 Stanislava Yordanova Stoyanova  71 Meri Tadinac  38 Marco Antonio Correa Varella  72 Christin-Melanie Vauclair  73 Luis Diego Vega  33 Dwi Ajeng Widarini  74 Gyesook Yoo  75 Marta Marta Zaťková  33 Maja Zupančič  76
Affiliations

Sex differences in human mate preferences vary across sex ratios

Kathryn V Walter et al. Proc Biol Sci. .

Erratum in

  • Correction to: 'Sex differences in human mate preferences vary across sex ratios' (2023) by Walter et al.
    Walter KV, Conroy-Beam D, Buss DM, Asao K, Sorokowska A, Sorokowski P, Aavik T, Akello G, Alhabahba MM, Alm C, Amjad N, Anjum A, Atama CS, Duyar DA, Ayebare R, Batres C, Bendixen M, Bensafia A, Bizumic B, Boussena M, Butovskaya M, Can S, Cantarero K, Carrier A, Cetinkaya H, Croy I, Cueto RM, Czub M, Dronova D, Dural S, Duyar I, Ertugrul B, Espinosa A, Estevan I, Esteves CS, Fang L, Frackowiak T, Garduño JC, González KU, Guemaz F, Gyuris P, Halamová M, Herak I, Horvat M, Hromatko I, Hui CM, Jaafar JL, Jiang F, Kafetsios K, Kavčič T, Ottesen Kennair LE, Kervyn N, Khanh Ha TT, Khilji IA, Köbis NC, Lan HM, Láng A, Lennard GR, León E, Lindholm T, Linh TT, Lopez G, Luot NV, Mailhos A, Manesi Z, Martinez R, McKerchar SL, Meskó N, Misra G, Monaghan C, Mora EC, Moya-Garófano A, Musil B, Natividade JC, Niemczyk A, Nizharadze G, Oberzaucher E, Oleszkiewicz A, Omar-Fauzee MS, Onyishi IE, Özener B, Pagani AF, Pakalniskiene V, Parise M, Pazhoohi F, Pisanski A, Pisanski K, Ponciano E, Popa C, Prokop P, Rizwan M, Sainz M, Salkičević S, Sargautyte R, Sarmány-Schuller I, Schmehl S, Sharad S, Siddiqui RS, Simonetti F, Stoyanova SY, Tadinac M, Correa Varella MA, Vauclair CM, Vega LD, Widarini DA, Yoo… See abstract for full author list ➔ Walter KV, et al. Proc Biol Sci. 2023 Jul 26;290(2003):20231513. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2023.1513. Epub 2023 Jul 19. Proc Biol Sci. 2023. PMID: 37440323 Free PMC article. No abstract available.
  • Correction to: 'Fission-fusion dynamics in sheep: the influence of resource distribution and temporal activity patterns' (2023) by Della Libera et al.
    Della Libera K, Strandburg-Peshkin A, Griffith SC, Leu ST. Della Libera K, et al. R Soc Open Sci. 2023 Aug 14;10(8):231083. doi: 10.1098/rsos.231083. eCollection 2023 Aug. R Soc Open Sci. 2023. PMID: 37583616 Free PMC article.

Abstract

A wide range of literature connects sex ratio and mating behaviours in non-human animals. However, research examining sex ratio and human mating is limited in scope. Prior work has examined the relationship between sex ratio and desire for short-term, uncommitted mating as well as outcomes such as marriage and divorce rates. Less empirical attention has been directed towards the relationship between sex ratio and mate preferences, despite the importance of mate preferences in the human mating literature. To address this gap, we examined sex ratio's relationship to the variation in preferences for attractiveness, resources, kindness, intelligence and health in a long-term mate across 45 countries (n = 14 487). We predicted that mate preferences would vary according to relative power of choice on the mating market, with increased power derived from having relatively few competitors and numerous potential mates. We found that each sex tended to report more demanding preferences for attractiveness and resources where the opposite sex was abundant, compared to where the opposite sex was scarce. This pattern dovetails with those found for mating strategies in humans and mate preferences across species, highlighting the importance of sex ratio for understanding variation in human mate preferences.

Keywords: cross-cultural; mate preferences; mating market; sex differences; sex ratio.

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Conflict of interest statement

We declare we have no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Participant mate preferences across sex ratios. Data are jittered to reduce overplotting. Regression lines, separated by sex, shown with shaded areas indicating 95% confidence intervals. The specific preference (absolute preference for physical attractiveness; relative preference for physical attractiveness; relative preference for good financial prospects) and specific sex ratio (sex ratio ages 15–49; sex ratio ages 15–64; city sex ratio) can be identified in each plot label. Sex ratio is the number of males per 100 females. (Online version in colour.)

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