Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2021 Jul 10;18(14):7394.
doi: 10.3390/ijerph18147394.

Analysis of Parenting Attitude Types and Influencing Factors of Korean Parents by Using Latent Transition Analysis

Hanna Lee  1 , Jeong-Won Han  2
Affiliations

Analysis of Parenting Attitude Types and Influencing Factors of Korean Parents by Using Latent Transition Analysis

Hanna Lee et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health. .

Abstract

This study aimed to classify the latent class of parenting attitude for parents with preschool children and school-age children, identify the pattern of transition in the type of parenting attitude over time, and determine the influencing factors associated with the transition. A total of 1462 households were the subjects of this longitudinal study that used latent profile analysis, latent transition analysis, and logistic regression analysis. The parenting attitude in the preschool year was classified into a model of three latent classes of 'parent uninvolved', 'maternal authoritative and paternal authoritarian', and 'maternal authoritarian and paternal authoritative', and the parenting attitude in the school year was classified into a model of four latent classes of 'parent weak uninvolved', 'parent strong uninvolved', parent authoritative', and 'maternal authoritarian and paternal authoritative.' All latent class subjects with preschool children showed an attitude transition to maternal authoritarian and paternal authoritative when their children were in school years. It was confirmed that a mother's depression and father's parenting stress were the most influential factors in the parenting attitude transition. This study lay in identifying the patterns of parenting attitude and the transition in attitude according to the developmental stage of children.

Keywords: child; longitudinal studies; parenting; parents.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors of this paper have no conflicts of interest to report. All authors have materially participated in the research and/or article preparation.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Latent class of child-rearing attitude (5th wave).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Latent class of child-rearing attitude (8th wave).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Transition analysis of child-rearing attitude.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Jane G., Querido J.G., Warner T.D., Eyberg S.M. Parenting styles and child behavior in African American families of preschool children. J. Clin. Child Adolesc. Psychol. 2002;31:272–277. doi: 10.1007/10.1207/S15374424JCCP3102_12. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Pozzi E., Vijayakumar N., Byrne M.L., Bray K.O., Seal M., Richmond S., Zalesky A., Whittle S.L. Maternal parenting behavior and functional connectivity development in children: A longitudinal fMRI study. Dev. Cogn. Neurosci. 2021;48:100946. doi: 10.1016/j.dcn.2021.100946. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Becker W.C. Consequences of different kinds of parental discipline. Rev. Child Dev. Res. 1964;1:169–208.
    1. Kerr M., Stattin H., Özdemir M. Perceived parenting style and adolescent adjustment: Revisiting directions of effects and the role of parental knowledge. Dev. Psychol. 2012;48:1540–1553. doi: 10.1037/a0027720. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Bae S.M. The relationships between perceived parenting style, learning motivation, friendship satisfaction, and the addictive use of smartphones with elementary school students of South Korea: Using multivariate latent growth modeling. Sch. Psychol. Int. 2015;36:513–531. doi: 10.1177/0143034315604017. - DOI

LinkOut - more resources