Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2021 Jul 8:8:709169.
doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.709169. eCollection 2021.

New Developments in Exosomal lncRNAs in Cardiovascular Diseases

Zhu Yuan  1 , Weiqiang Huang  1
Affiliations
Review

New Developments in Exosomal lncRNAs in Cardiovascular Diseases

Zhu Yuan et al. Front Cardiovasc Med. .

Abstract

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-coding RNAs with lengths >200 nt and are involved in the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Exosomes are secreted and produced by various cell types. Exosome contents include various ncRNAs, proteins and lipids. Exosomes are also important mediators of intercellular communication. The proportion of lncRNAs in exosomes is low, but increasing evidence suggests that exosomal lncRNAs play important roles in CVDs. We focused on research progress in exosomal lncRNAs in atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, cardiac angiogenesis, cardiac aging, rheumatic heart disease, and chronic kidney disease combined with CVD. The potential diagnostic and therapeutic effects of exosomal lncRNAs in CVDs are summarized based on preclinical studies involving animal and cell models and circulating exosomes in clinical patients. Finally, the challenges and possible prospects of exosomes and exosomal lncRNAs in clinical applications related to CVD are discussed.

Keywords: atherosclerosis; cardiac angiogenesis; cardiovascular disease; exosomal lncRNA; myocardial infarction.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Exosome biology and the sorting and action mechanism of exosomal lncRNA.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The role of exosomal lncRNA in preclinical studies of cardiovascular diseases.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Exosomal lncRNA in the serum of CVD patients as potential biomarkers.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Roth GA, Mensah GA, Johnson CO, Addolorato G, Ammirati E, Baddour LM, et al. . Global burden of cardiovascular diseases and risk factors, 1990-2019: update from the GBD 2019 study. J Am Coll Cardiol. (2020) 76:2982–3021. 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.11.010 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Wu Q, Bai B, Tian C, Li D, Yu H, Song B, et al. . The molecular mechanisms of cardiotoxicity induced by HER2, VEGF, and tyrosine kinase inhibitors: an updated review. Cardiovasc Drugs Therapy. (2021). 10.1007/s10557-021-07181-3. [Epub ahead of print]. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Lee H, Zhang Z, Krause HM. Long noncoding RNAs and repetitive elements: junk or intimate evolutionary partners? Trends Genet. (2019) 35:892–902. 10.1016/j.tig.2019.09.006 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Palazzo AF, Koonin EV. Functional long non-coding RNAs evolve from junk transcripts. Cell. (2020) 183:1151–61. 10.1016/j.cell.2020.09.047 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Zhang C, Han B, Xu T, Li D. The biological function and potential mechanism of long non-coding RNAs in cardiovascular disease. J Cell Mol Med. (2020) 24:12900–9. 10.1111/jcmm.15968 - DOI - PMC - PubMed