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Review
. 2021 Jul 9:8:643800.
doi: 10.3389/fvets.2021.643800. eCollection 2021.

Traumatic Brain Injury-A Review of Intravenous Fluid Therapy

Affiliations
Review

Traumatic Brain Injury-A Review of Intravenous Fluid Therapy

Armi Pigott et al. Front Vet Sci. .

Abstract

This manuscript will review intravenous fluid therapy in traumatic brain injury. Both human and animal literature will be included. Basic treatment recommendations will also be discussed.

Keywords: TBI; colloid; crystalloid; fluid therapies; hypertonic saline; mannitol; osmotherapy; traumatic brain injury.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Fluid therapy for the TBI patient. *Fluid resuscitation techniques can be any one of the following or a combination thereof: (1) 10–20 ml/kg crystalloids (Plasma Lyte or Normosol-R) IV rapid infusion up to 60–90 ml/kg. (2) 5–10 ml/kg 6% HES (tetrastarch) IV rapid infusion up to 40–50 ml/kg. (3) 5–10 ml/kg plasma rapid infusion IV up to 20–30 ml/kg. (4) 3–4 ml/kg 7% HTS IV over 10–15 min. (5) whole blood or pRBC, if indicated. **Altered level of consciousness with or without bilateral or unilateral miotic pupils; unresponsive mid range pupil(s) or mydriasis; loss of the oculocephalic reflex; bradycardia with hypertension (Cushing reflex); posturing (opisthotonus, decerebellate, decerebrate); alteration of the respiratory pattern. ***1 g/kg mannitol IV up to 3 doses q60–90 min OR 3–4 ml/kg 7% HTS IV.

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