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Review
. 2021 Oct:72:262-271.
doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2021.07.001. Epub 2021 Jul 24.

Mycobacterial diseases in patients with inborn errors of immunity

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Review

Mycobacterial diseases in patients with inborn errors of immunity

Stéphanie Boisson-Dupuis et al. Curr Opin Immunol. 2021 Oct.

Abstract

Clinical disease caused by the agent of tuberculosis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and by less virulent mycobacteria, such as bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccines and environmental mycobacteria, can result from inborn errors of immunity (IEIs). IEIs underlie more than 450 conditions, each associated with an impairment of the development and/or function of hematopoietic and/or non-hematopoietic cells involved in host defense. Only a minority of IEIs confer predisposition to mycobacterial disease. The IEIs underlying susceptibility to bona fide tuberculosis are less well delineated than those responsible for susceptibility to less virulent mycobacteria. However, all these IEIs share a defining feature: the impairment of immunity mediated by interferon gamma (IFN-γ). More profound IFN-γ deficiency is associated with a greater vulnerability to weakly virulent mycobacteria, whereas more selective IFN-γ deficiency is associated with a more selective predisposition to mycobacterial disease. We review here recent progress in the study of IEIs underlying mycobacterial diseases.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interest

The authors have no competing financial interests to declare.

Figures

Figure 1:
Figure 1:
Schematic representation of the cooperation between phagocytes/dendritic cells and T lymphocytes/NK cells during a mycobacterial infection. The molecules, encoded by genes found mutated in patients with isolated or syndromic MSMD and isolated TB in highlighted in red and are involved in IFN-γ mediated immunity.

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