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. 2021 Oct;51(10):1064-1072.
doi: 10.1111/hepr.13703. Epub 2021 Aug 17.

Non-malignant portal vein thrombosis in a cohort of cirrhotic patients: Incidence and risk factors

Marta Lopez-Gomez  1 , Elba Llop  1 , Angela Puente  2 , Marta Hernández Conde  1 , Patricia Ruiz  2 , Silvia Alvárez  2 , Jose Luis Martínez  1 , Javier Abad  1 , Natalia Fernández  1 , Christie Perelló  1 , Carlos Fernández-Carrillo  1 , Carlos Ferre  1 , Maria Trapero  1 , Enrique Fraga  1 , Javier Crespo  2 , Jose Luis Calleja Panero  1
Affiliations

Non-malignant portal vein thrombosis in a cohort of cirrhotic patients: Incidence and risk factors

Marta Lopez-Gomez et al. Hepatol Res. 2021 Oct.

Abstract

Aim: Non-malignant portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a complication of liver cirrhosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the annual incidence of PVT and related risk factors.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed clinical, laboratory, and radiological data collected prospectively from September 2016 to September 2017. A follow-up of 36 months was performed in a subset of patients to determine the cumulative incidence of PVT and related complications.

Results: The study included 567 patients. The incidence of PVT at 12, 24, and 36 months was 3.7%, 0.8%, and 1.4%, respectively. Patients with PVT were compared with patients without PVT, and showed differences in albumin (p = 0.04), aspartate aminotransferase (p = 0.04), hemoglobin (p = 0.01), and prothrombin activity (p = 0.01). The presence of hydropic decompensation (57.1% vs. 30.1%; p 0.004), gastroesophageal varices (76.2% vs. 39.5%; p = 0.05), variceal bleeding (52.4% vs. 22.7%; p < 0.001), hepatic encephalopathy (38.1% vs. 9.9%; p = 0.01), spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (9.5% vs. 1.7%; p < 0.001), and use of beta-blockers (71.4% vs. 27.7%; p < 0.001) were significantly associated. In the multivariate analysis, use of beta-blockers and hepatic encephalopathy appeared as risk factors, and high albumin levels a protective factor.

Conclusions: The incidence of PVT was 3.7%. Beta-blockers and hepatic encephalopathy were risks factors. High albumin levels were a protective factor.

Keywords: cirrhotic patients; incidence; non-malignant; portal; risk factors; thrombosis; vein.

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References

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