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. 2021 Jul 23:14:1923-1933.
doi: 10.2147/JMDH.S317603. eCollection 2021.

Association Between Smoking and COVID-19 Severity: Evidence from Bangladesh

Faroque Md Mohsin #  1 , Tajrin Tahrin Tonmon #  2 , Ridwana Nahrin  1 , Sharmin Ahmed Tithy  2 , Farzana Akter Ame  1 , Ismot Ara  3 , S K Tasnuva Alam  4 , Abu Muhammad Abdullah Pervej  5 , Md Shahjalal  1 , Mohammad Delwer Hossain Hawlader  2
Affiliations

Association Between Smoking and COVID-19 Severity: Evidence from Bangladesh

Faroque Md Mohsin et al. J Multidiscip Healthc. .

Abstract

Purpose: Previous studies have explored several risk factors for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity, but there is still a lack of association with smoking. Our study aims to find out the association between smoking and COVID-19 severity.

Subjects and methods: This comparative study was conducted among hospitalized severely and critically ill COVID-19 patients, as well as asymptomatic, mild, and moderate patients from the list of the city corporation (Dhaka, Bangladesh), as confirmed by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). A total of 2022 adults aged ≥18 years were enrolled in this study.

Results: The mean age of the patients was 41.17 years; 66.96% of the patients were male, 57.02% were aged above 35 years, and 81.50% of the patients had ever been married; and 33.09% cases were mild and 14.99% were severe. Among the patients, 29.4% were ever-smokers. Smoking status, duration, and frequency, and the presence of comorbidities were significantly associated with COVID-19 severity (p<0.001). Ever-smokers were 1.35 times (95% CI: 0.74-2.45), 1.30 times (95% CI: 0.58-2.87), and 2.45 times (95% CI: 1.07-5.61) more likely to be mild, severe, and critical cases in comparison to non-smokers.

Conclusion: This study revealed a strong association between smoking and COVID-19 severity that calls for mass awareness and cessation campaigns from governments and voluntary organizations.

Keywords: Bangladesh; COVID-19; ICU; RT-PCR; smoking.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Disparities n COVID-19 severity between the smoker types.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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