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Review
. 2023 Apr;37(2):341-351.
doi: 10.1007/s10557-021-07217-8. Epub 2021 Jul 30.

The Evolving Phenotypes of Cardiovascular Disease during COVID-19 Pandemic

Michele Correale  1 , Francesca Croella  2 , Alessandra Leopizzi  2 , Pietro Mazzeo  2 , Lucia Tricarico  2 , Adriana Mallardi  2 , Martino Fortunato  2 , Michele Magnesa  2 , Vincenzo Ceci  2 , Alessandra Puteo  1 , Massimo Iacoviello  2 , Matteo Di Biase  2 , Natale Daniele Brunetti  3
Affiliations
Review

The Evolving Phenotypes of Cardiovascular Disease during COVID-19 Pandemic

Michele Correale et al. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 2023 Apr.

Abstract

COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted the management of patients with acute and chronic cardiovascular disease: acute coronary syndrome patients were often not timely reperfused, heart failure patients not adequately followed up and titrated, atrial arrhythmias not efficaciously treated and became chronic. New phenotypes of cardiovascular patients were more and more frequent during COVID-19 pandemic and are expected to be even more frequent in the next future in the new world shaped by the pandemic. We therefore aimed to briefly summarize the main changes in the phenotype of cardiovascular patients in the COVID-19 era, focusing on new clinical challenges and possible therapeutic options.

Keywords: Acute coronary syndrome; Arrhythmias; Cardiovascular disease; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); Thrombosis; Heart failure.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
New phenotypes of cardiovascular disease in the COVID-19 era
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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