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Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2021 Jul 31;16(1):474.
doi: 10.1186/s13018-021-02577-1.

Incidence and related risk factors of radiographic knee osteoarthritis: a population-based longitudinal study in China

Liyi Zhang #  1   2 , Chutong Lin #  1   2   3 , Qiang Liu #  1   2 , Jiaxiang Gao  1   2 , Yunfei Hou  1   2 , Jianhao Lin  4   5
Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

Incidence and related risk factors of radiographic knee osteoarthritis: a population-based longitudinal study in China

Liyi Zhang et al. J Orthop Surg Res. .

Abstract

Objective: To explore the incidence and risk factors for radiographic knee osteoarthritis (ROA) in a suburban area of China.

Methods: Shunyi Osteoarthritis Study was a population-based, longitudinal study of knee osteoarthritis in Shunyi, a suburban area of Beijing, China. A total of 1295 residents aged over 50 years were recruited with fully informed by randomized cluster sampling and were followed up 3 years later. At the time of baseline and follow-up visits, participants completed a home interview questionnaire and received a clinical examination including height, weight, range of motion (ROM), chair stand test, 50-foot walk test, and weight-bearing posterior-anterior semi-flexed view of radiographs at tibiofemoral joints. The incident ROA for a knee was defined if its KL grade was no more than grade 1 at baseline visit and no less than grade 2 at the follow-up visit. A patient without ROA in both knees at the baseline visit and with ROA in at least one knee at the follow-up visit was viewed as an incident case of ROA in patient level. Generalized linear model and generalized estimating equation were performed to examine the association between socio-demographic factors, physical function as well as baseline knee joint condition, and incident ROA in patient and knee level.

Results: A total of 1295 residents were recruited at baseline in 2014, and 962 (74.3%) residents were followed in 2017. The annual cumulative incidence of ROA was 3.6% at knee level and 5.7% at patient level. Older age (per year, adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.079; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.042-1.117), overweight (adjusted OR = 2.086; 95% CI, 1.286-3.385), female (adjusted OR = 1.756; 95% CI, 1.074-2.877), less ROM (per degree, adjusted OR = 0.952; 95% CI, 0.923-0.983) and Kellgren and Lawrence (KL) grade 1 at baseline (adjusted OR = 8.527; 95% CI, 5.489-13.246) were risk factors for incident ROA.

Conclusion: The incidence of knee ROA in Chinese suburban area was high. Advanced age, female, overweight, less range of motion, and KL grade 1 at baseline were associated with an increased risk of incident ROA.

Keywords: Incidence; Knee osteoarthritis; Radiograph; Risk factors.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Number of the subjects and incidence of ROA according to sex and age
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Forest plot for the risk factors analysis of incident radiographic osteoarthritis in model 2
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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