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. 2021 Jun 28;14(2):85-87.
doi: 10.4103/ojo.ojo_22_21. eCollection 2021 May-Aug.

Pathogenic bacteria and their antibiotic sensitivity in ophthalmia neonatorum

Prabhakar Suhas  1 , S Vishnu  1 , M Muthayya  1
Affiliations

Pathogenic bacteria and their antibiotic sensitivity in ophthalmia neonatorum

Prabhakar Suhas et al. Oman J Ophthalmol. .

Abstract

Context: Emergence of coagulase-negative staphylococci as pathogens in ophthalmia neonatorum.

Aims: To analyze the bacteriological spectrum of ophthalmia neonatorum and its associated risk factors.

Settings and design: Retrospective analysis in a tertiary care hospital in India.

Subjects and methods: A retrospective review was performed in a tertiary care center in India on 139 neonates presenting with conjunctivitis over a period of 3 years. All the neonates presenting to the out-patient department, those admitted in the Neonatal Intensive care Unit and in-patient wards were included in our study. The neonates were clinically examined and followed-up by a single experienced ophthalmologist. Details including demographic data, age of the infant, type of delivery, investigations, and treatment outcomes were analyzed.

Statistical analysis used: Frequency calculation using Microsoft Excel for windows 10.

Results: In the 92 samples with growth (66.2%), the most common organisms isolated were coagulase-negative Staphylococci (35.9%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (16.3%), and Acinetobacter species (16.3%). Others were Staphylococcus aureus (14.1%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (8.7%), and Escherichia coli (8.7%). Ophthalmia neonatorum was significantly higher in preterm infants born out of lower-segment cesarean section and those requiring ventilatory support.

Conclusions: Unlike gonococcus, which is implicated in ophthalmia neonatorum, our study shows varied microbiological spectrum and sensitivity patterns with coagulase-negative staphylococci as the key pathogen. The role of coagulase-negative staphylococci as a disease-causing pathogen becomes increasingly important with an imperative need for prudent use of common antibiotics in treating these pathogenic bacteria.

Keywords: Coagulase-negative staphylococci; lower segment cesarean section; ophthalmia neonatorum.

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Conflict of interest statement

There are no conflicts of interest.

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