Psychological distress, dyadic adjustment and family dynamics after prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart disease

Abstract

Introduction: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is one of the most frequent congenital diseases. When expectant fathers and mothers are informed of a CHD during pregnancy, they have to confront a series of individual and interpersonal psychological changes. The aim of the study was to evaluate the psychological impact of a prenatal diagnosis of CHD on expectant parents. The sample included 214 participants, mothers and their partners (case group, 57 pregnant women carrying a foetus with CHD and their partners and control group, 50 pregnant women and their partners).

Method: Administration of the BSI-18, the DAS and FACES-III following prenatal diagnosis.

Results: Many parents (approximately 83.6%) went through stages of shock and denial in response to the diagnosis of disease that they had to confront and accept. At the individual level, 35.1% of fathers and 47.4% mothers had clinically significant scores of psychological distress. At the couple level, both fathers (77%) and mothers (82.4%) had expressed an idealized dyadic adjustment. Lastly, the perception of the family dynamic by 43.9% of fathers and 42.2% of mothers was in the mid range.

Conclusion: The results highlight the complexity of the initial stage that these couples were going through.

Keywords: Ajuste diádico; Cardiopatía congénita; Congenital heart disease; Dinámica familiar; Dyadic adjustment; Family dynamics; Malestar psicológico; Prenatal; Psychological distress.