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. 2021 Jul 10;10(7):872.
doi: 10.3390/pathogens10070872.

Characterization of a Dengue Virus Serotype 1 Isolated from a Patient in Ciudad Juarez, Mexico

Pedro M Palermo  1 , Antonio de la Mora-Covarrubias  2 , Jeanette Orbegozo  1 , Jessica A Plante  3 , Kenneth S Plante  3 , Florinda Jimenez-Vega  2 , Douglas M Watts  1
Affiliations

Characterization of a Dengue Virus Serotype 1 Isolated from a Patient in Ciudad Juarez, Mexico

Pedro M Palermo et al. Pathogens. .

Abstract

Dengue (DEN) is the most important human arboviral disease worldwide. Sporadic outbreaks of DEN have been reported since 1980 in urban communities located along the border in southeast Texas and northern Mexico. Other than the Rio Grande Valley region of TX, autochthonous transmission of DENV has not been reported from any other US border communities. As part of a surveillance program for arthropod-borne viruses in Ciudad Juarez, Mexico, during November 2015, a blood sample was obtained from a female patient who experienced an undifferentiated fever and arthralgia. The plasma of the sample was tested for virus in Vero-76 and C6/36 cells. DENV serotype 1 (DENV-1) was isolated in the C6/36 cells, and nucleotide sequencing of the envelope gene and full genome grouped the DENV-1 isolate in the Central America clade. The patient had not traveled outside of Ciudad Juarez, Mexico, thus suggesting DENV-1 infection was acquired in this community.

Keywords: Central America clade; Mexico; dengue virus.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Indirect immunofluorescent antibody assay in C6/36 cells (200× magnification). Cells were inoculated with DENV-1 (A,B), human plasma (C,D), and cell culture medium (E,F). Viral antigen was detected by using polyclonal antibodies to Saint Louis encephalitis virus (A,C,E) and monoclonal antibody (15F3) to DENV-1 (B,D,F).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Replication curves of the Ciudad Juarez DENV-1 isolate in Vero-76 and C6/36 cells. DENV-1 isolate replicated at significant high titers (** p < 0.05) in C636 cells in comparison to Vero-76 cells.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Molecular phylogenetic analysis using maximum-likelihood method derived from 100 DENV-1 envelope glycoprotein gene sequences. DENV-1 genotypes (I–V) and isolates are shown using brackets. The tree was rooted with prototype strains of DENV-3 (H87) and DENV-2 (NGC). DENV-1, strain Ciudad Juarez, is highlighted in red. The tree with the highest log likelihood (−12,372.1590) is shown.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Phylogenetic analysis of DENV-1. Maximum-likelihood tree based on the full genome sequences (minus the 5′ and 3′ UTRs) of 68 strains of DENV-1 from GenBank, along with the 2015 Ciudad Juarez isolate (highlighted in red and bold text). DENV-2 strain New Guinea was included to root the tree. In the cladogram, branch lengths are ignored, but bootstrapping values ≥80 are represented as proportionately sized gray circles at the relevant nodes.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Map of Ciudad Juarez, Mexico, highlighting the adjoining neighborhood of Felipe Angeles, Ciudad Juarez, Chihuahua 32100.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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