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Review
. 2021 Jul 31;10(15):3433.
doi: 10.3390/jcm10153433.

Biomarkers in Cardiorenal Syndrome

Giovanni Goffredo  1   2 , Roberta Barone  1   2 , Vito Di Terlizzi  1   2 , Michele Correale  1   2 , Natale Daniele Brunetti  1   2 , Massimo Iacoviello  1   2
Affiliations
Review

Biomarkers in Cardiorenal Syndrome

Giovanni Goffredo et al. J Clin Med. .

Abstract

Cardiorenal syndrome is a clinical manifestation of the bidirectional interaction between the heart and kidney diseases. Over the last years, in patients with cardiovascular diseases, several biomarkers have been studied in order to better assess renal function as well as to identify patients prone to experiencing chronic or acute worsening of renal function. The aim of this review is to focus on the possible clinical usefulness of the most recent biomarkers in the setting of cardiorenal syndrome.

Keywords: acute kidney injury; biomarkers; cardio-renal syndrome; heart failure; renal function.

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Conflict of interest statement

M.I. consultant for Roche Diagnostic; honoraria for speaking from Biomierieux. No conflict of interest to declare for the other authors.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Main renal biomarkers indicative of cardiorenal and renocardiac syndrome progression. NGAL: N-acetyl beta glucosaminidase. NAG: N-acetyl beta glucosaminidase. KIM 1: Kidney injury molecule. FABPs: Fat-ty acid-binding proteins; TIMP2 & IGFBP7: Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 and insulin-like growth factor–binding protein 7.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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