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Review
. 2021 Jul 21:12:700587.
doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.700587. eCollection 2021.

Biomarkers for the Clinical Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease: Metabolomics Analysis of Brain Tissue and Blood

Yang-Yang Wang  1 , Yan-Ping Sun  1 , Yu-Meng Luo  1 , Dong-Hui Peng  1 , Xiao Li  1 , Bing-You Yang  1 , Qiu-Hong Wang  2 , Hai-Xue Kuang  1
Affiliations
Review

Biomarkers for the Clinical Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease: Metabolomics Analysis of Brain Tissue and Blood

Yang-Yang Wang et al. Front Pharmacol. .

Abstract

With an increase in aging populations worldwide, age-related diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) have become a global concern. At present, a cure for neurodegenerative disease is lacking. There is an urgent need for a biomarker that can facilitate the diagnosis, classification, prognosis, and treatment response of AD. The recent emergence of highly sensitive mass-spectrometry platforms and high-throughput technology can be employed to discover and catalog vast datasets of small metabolites, which respond to changed status in the body. Metabolomics analysis provides hope for a better understanding of AD as well as the subsequent identification and analysis of metabolites. Here, we review the state-of-the-art emerging candidate biomarkers for AD.

Keywords: alzheimer’s disease; brain and blood samples; candidate diagnosis biomarker; clinical screening; metabolomics.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Common disease causes of dementia percentage.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Percentage change in reported deaths related to specific diseases between 2000 and 2018. Based on Alzheimer’s disease reporter association in 2020 (Alzheimer’s Association, 2020).
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
The development progression of Alzheimer’s disease in clinical research.
FIGURE 4
FIGURE 4
The metabolites reported in the brain and blood (Tables 2, 3, excepted small molecular amino acid) view analyzed by MetaboAnalyst 5.0.
FIGURE 5
FIGURE 5
Mechanism based on the brain biomarkers for AD.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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