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. 2021 Jul 21:12:700623.
doi: 10.3389/fpls.2021.700623. eCollection 2021.

UPLC-MS-Based Non-targeted Analysis of Endogenous Metabolite Changes in the Leaves of Scabiosa tschiliensis Grüning Induced by 6-Benzylaminopurine and Kinetin

Jialin Du  1   2 , Weiwei Ma  1   2 , Yi Li  1   2 , Xu Lu  1   2 , Zhaopeng Geng  1   2 , Hangjun Huang  1   2 , Yuanyuan Yuan  1   2 , Yue Liu  1   2 , Xiaodong Wang  1   2 , Junli Wang  1   2
Affiliations

UPLC-MS-Based Non-targeted Analysis of Endogenous Metabolite Changes in the Leaves of Scabiosa tschiliensis Grüning Induced by 6-Benzylaminopurine and Kinetin

Jialin Du et al. Front Plant Sci. .

Abstract

In vitro propagation technology with plant growth regulators (PGRs) is generally applied in the cultivation of Scabiosa tschiliensis, which can solve collection difficulties and limited resources of S. tschiliensis. Nevertheless, comprehensive metabolomic evaluation on S. tschiliensis with PGR effects is still lacking. In this work, a non-targeted metabolomics approach, coupled with statistical and pathway enrichment analysis, was used to assess the regulatory influences of 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA) and kinetin (KT) applied in S. tschiliensis. The results showed that the PGRs affect metabolism differentially, and the addition of 6-BA and KT can increase different secondary metabolites. In the two PGR groups, some primary metabolites such as L-phenylalanine, L-tyrosine, L-arginine, L-asparagine, and D-proline were significantly reduced. We suspect that under the action of PGRs, these decreased amino acids are derived into secondary metabolites such as umbelliferone, chlorogenic acid, and glutathione. Additionally, some of those secondary metabolites have a biological activity and can also promote the plant growth. Our results provide a basis for the targeted cultivation and utilization of S. tschiliensis, especially the expression of metabolites related to PGR application.

Keywords: S. tschiliensis; adventitious shoot; metabolic pathways; metabolomics; plant growth regulator.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Detection and analysis of metabolites according to UPLC–MS. (A) Total ion chromatogram of metabolites in S. tschiliensis obtained by UPLC–MS. From top to bottom: (I) Control group, (II) 6-BA group, (III) KT group. (B) Classification of 168 metabolites in S. tschiliensis. (C) Venn diagram from three groups of identified metabolites.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Score plots of models. (A) PCA score plots of control, 6-BA, and KT groups. (B) OPLS-DA score plots of control and 6-BA group. (C) OPLS-DA score plots of control and KT group.
Figure 3
Figure 3
The most important potential differential metabolites. (A) Potential differential metabolite identifications from S-plots in the 6-BA group. (B) Potential differential metabolite identifications from S-plots in the KT group. (C) Heatmap showing the intensities of significant metabolite expression features in PGRs compared with control group.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Heatmap based on pairwise Pearson's correlation of significant metabolites.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Biosynthesis and catabolism of metabolites. (A) Shikimate pathway. (B) Arginine catabolism and glutathione biosynthesis (Metabolites not detected in S. tschiliensis are indicated in white.).
Figure 6
Figure 6
Enrichment analysis of differential metabolites associated with the pathway. (A) Differential network between control and 6-BA group. (B) Differential network between control and KT group.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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