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Meta-Analysis
. 2021 Aug 9;21(1):778.
doi: 10.1186/s12879-021-06505-w.

Sero-epidemiology and associated factors of HIV, HBV, HCV and syphilis among blood donors in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Mulugeta Melku  1 , Sintayehu Ambachew  2 , Bamlaku Enawgaw  3 , Molla Abebe  2 , Zegeye Abebe  4 , Tekalign Deressa  5   6 , Debasu Damtie  6 , Belete Biadgo  2 , Belay Tessema  7 , Demeke Geremew  6 , Asemarie Kebede  8 , Berhanu Woldu  3 , Takele Teklu  6 , Elias Shiferaw  3
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Sero-epidemiology and associated factors of HIV, HBV, HCV and syphilis among blood donors in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Mulugeta Melku et al. BMC Infect Dis. .

Abstract

Background: Transfusion transmissible infections (TTIs) remain a major public health problem in developing countries including Ethiopia. In Ethiopia, comprehensive information about sero-epidemiology of major TTIs is lacking at the national level. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis was aimed at providing the pooled estimate of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and syphilis among blood donors in Ethiopia.

Methods: Relevant studies published until May 31, 2019 were searched through PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, SCOPUS, HINARI, Cochrane database library, Web of Science, Google Scholar and Google. The methodological quality of articles was assessed using Joanna Brigg's Institute critical appraisal checklist for prevalence and analytical studies. The pooled sero-epidemiology of HIV, HBV, HCV and syphilis were determined using the random-effects model. Heterogeneity between the studies was assessed using the I2 statistics. Publication bias was assessed by visual inspection of the funnel plot and Egger's statistics.

Results: A total of 7921 articles were retrieved, and 7798 were screened for eligibility after duplicates removed. Forty-nine full-text articles were assessed for eligibility; of which 45 were eligible for qualitative and quantitative synthesis: categorized as 36, 34, 31 and 23 studies for estimations of HBV, HIV, HCV and syphilis, respectively. In the random-effects model, the pooled sero-epidemiology of HBV, HIV, HCV and syphilis was 5.20, 2.83, 0.93 and 1.50%, respectively. Moreover, being a male blood donor was significantly associated with HBV and syphilis infection, whereas being a replacement blood donor was significantly associated with a high burden of HIV, HBV and HCV infections.

Conclusion: The pooled sero-epidemiology of major TTIs among blood donors was high. Therefore, there is a need to design prevention and control strategies in a comprehensive approach to reduce the burden.

Keywords: Blood donors; Ethiopia; Meta-analysis; Sero-epidemiology; Systematic review; Transfusion-transmissible Infections.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declared that there is no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
PRISMA flow diagram of studies reviewed, screened and included
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Pooled estimate of HIV using random-effect model among blood donors in Ethiopia: a subgroup analysis by region. ES estimated Prevalence of HIV
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Effect size of donor type on pooled estimate of HIV using random-effect model
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Pooled sero-epidemiology of HBV among blood donor in Ethiopia, Random-effect model. ES estimated Prevalence of HBV
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Effect size of sex on pooled estimate of HBV using random-effect model
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
Effect size of donor type on pooled estimate of HBV using random-effect model
Fig. 7
Fig. 7
Pooled estimate of HCV among blood donors in Ethiopia in random-effect model. ES estimated Prevalence of HCV
Fig. 8
Fig. 8
Effect size of donor type on pooled estimate of HCV using random-effect model
Fig. 9
Fig. 9
Pooled Estimate of Syphilis Sero-epidemiology among Blood donors in Ethiopia. ES estimated Prevalence of Syphilis
Fig. 10
Fig. 10
The effect size of sex on pooled estimate of syphilis using random-effect model
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