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Meta-Analysis
. 2021 Aug 9;11(1):16104.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-95426-4.

Effects of resistance training on gait velocity and knee adduction moment in knee osteoarthritis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Shuoqi Li  1 , Wei Hui Ng  1   2 , Sumayeh Abujaber  3 , Shazlin Shaharudin  4
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Effects of resistance training on gait velocity and knee adduction moment in knee osteoarthritis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Shuoqi Li et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

The systematic review aimed to analyze the effects of resistance training in knee osteoarthritis (OA) rehabilitation from a biomechanical perspective. A meta-analysis was performed to determine the potential benefits of resistance training on patients with knee OA. Relevant studies based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected from CENTRAL, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases inception to August 2020. Outcome measures included gait velocity and knee adduction moment (KAM). The mean differences of the data with a 95% confidence interval were analyzed using STATA 15.1 software The search identified eight studies that satisfied all the inclusion criteria, in which 164 patients were involved in gait velocity studies and another 122 patients were part of KAM studies. Analysis of the pooled data showed that resistance training significantly improved the gait velocity in patients with knee OA (p < 0.01, z = 2.73), ES (95% CI) = 0.03 (0.01, 0.06) m/s. However, resistance training had no significant effect on improving KAM in patients with knee OA (p = 0.98, z = 0.03), ES (95% CI) = 0.00 (- 0.16, 0.16) percentage of body weight × height (%BW × Ht). Therefore, resistance training may enhance gait velocity but not KAM in knee OA patients. The protocol was registered at PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42020204897).

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow diagram showing the process of identifying and selecting the relevant studies.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The forest plot of the effect size for studies assessing the effect of resistance exercise on the gait velocity of patients with knee osteoarthritis. The summary effect estimates for the individual studies are indicated by the gray rectangles, with the size of the rectangles proportional to the study weight. The lines represent 95% CI. The overall summary effect estimate and 95% CI are indicated by the diamond shape.
Figure 3
Figure 3
The forest plot of the effect size for studies assessing the effect of resistance exercise on the knee adduction moment (KAM) of patients with knee osteoarthritis. The summary effect estimates for individual studies are indicated by the gray rectangles, with the size of the rectangles proportional to the study weight. The lines represent 95% CI. The overall summary effect estimate and 95% CI are indicated by the diamond shape.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Sensitivity analysis for gait velocity.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Sensitivity analysis for knee adduction moment (KAM).
Figure 6
Figure 6
Funnel plot of publication bias for the effect of resistance exercise on the gait velocity.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Funnel plot of publication bias for the effect of resistance exercise on the gait knee adduction moment (KAM).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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