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Review
. 2021 Sep;92(9):878-891.
doi: 10.1007/s00115-021-01167-0. Epub 2021 Aug 10.

[Positive cognitive neuroscience : Positive valence systems of the Research Domain Criteria initiative]

[Article in German]
Henrik Walter  1   2 , Anna Daniels  3   4 , Sarah A Wellan  3   4
Affiliations
Review

[Positive cognitive neuroscience : Positive valence systems of the Research Domain Criteria initiative]

[Article in German]
Henrik Walter et al. Nervenarzt. 2021 Sep.

Abstract
in English, German

In this paper, the domain positive valence systems (PVS) of the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) matrix and its subconstructs are presented and discussed. The PVS basically reflect different forms and aspects of reward processing. These have been investigated in psychiatry in the context of addiction, schizophrenia and depression for decades; the latter are therefore not the topic of this paper. This article presents the heuristic value of the RDoC system in understanding other disorders and constructs, namely the transdiagnostic symptom of anhedonia, autism spectrum disorder and eating disorders. In addition, it outlines how the PVS domain has also enriched the clinical perspective of traditional psychopathology and stimulated the development of new behavioral measurement instruments. Finally, the limitations and potential future developments of the framework are discussed.

In diesem Artikel werden die Domäne „positive Valenzsysteme“ (PVS) der Research-Domain-Criteria(RDoC)-Matrix sowie ihre Subkonstrukte dargestellt und erläutert. Unter PVS fallen im Wesentlichen verschiedene Formen und Prozesse der Belohnungsverarbeitung. Diese werden in der Psychiatrie schon seit Jahrzehnten im Bereich von Sucht, Schizophrenie und Depression untersucht und letztere sind daher nicht Gegenstand dieses Artikels. Hier soll vielmehr die heuristische Fruchtbarkeit der RDoC-Systematik für das Verständnis anderer Erkrankungen und Konstrukte dargestellt werden und zwar für das transdiagnostische Konstrukt der Anhedonie sowie für die Autismusspektrumstörung und die Gruppe der Essstörungen. Weiterhin wird gezeigt, wie die PVS-Domäne auch klinisch den Blick über die traditionelle Psychopathologie erweitert und wie sie die Entwicklung neuer behavioraler Messinstrumente angeregt hat. Abschließend wird auf Limitationen und mögliche zukünftige Erweiterungen des Ansatzes eingegangen.

Keywords: Anhedonia; Autism spectrum disorder; Eating disorders; Reward processing; Self-report instruments.

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