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. 2021 Jul 29:9:25151355211032595.
doi: 10.1177/25151355211032595. eCollection 2021.

Pregnant women's hepatitis B vaccination coverage in Nigeria: a national pilot cross-sectional study

George Uchenna Eleje  1 , Godwin Otuodichinma Akaba  2 , Ikechukwu Innocent Mbachu  3 , Ayyuba Rabiu  4 , Olabisi Morebise Loto  5 , Hadiza Abdullahi Usman  6 , Preye Owen Fiebai  7 , Rebecca Chinyelu Chukwuanukwu  8 , Ngozi Nneka Joe-Ikechebelu  9 , Chike Henry Nwankwo  10 , Stephen Okoroafor Kalu  11 , Chinyere Ukamaka Onubogu  12 , Chukwuanugo Nkemakonam Ogbuagu  13 , Shirley Nneka Chukwurah  14 , Chinwe Elizabeth Uzochukwu  15 , Samuel Oluwagbenga Inuyomi  16 , Bukola Abimbola Adesoji  17 , Uchenna Chukwunonso Ogwaluonye  18 , Sussan Ifeyinwa Nweje  19 , Richard Obinwanne Egeonu  20 , Odion Emmanuel Igue  21 , Chiamaka Henrietta Jibuaku  18 , Prince Ogbonnia Aja  8 , Chiamaka Perpetua Chidozie  8 , Hadiza Sani Ibrahim  22 , Fatima Ele Aliyu  22 , Aisha Ismaila Numan  23 , Ogbonna Dennis Okoro  24 , Solace Amechi Omoruyi  25 , Ijeoma Chioma Oppah  25 , Ubong Inyang Anyang  26 , Aishat Ahmed  26 , Osita Samuel Umeononihu  3 , Eric Okechukwu Umeh  27 , Ekene Agatha Emeka  28 , Arinze Anthony Onwuegbuna  29 , Emeka Philip Igbodike  30 , Ifeoma Clara Ajuba  31 , Ibrahim Adamu Yakasai  4 , Oliver Chukwujekwu Ezechi  32 , Joseph Ifeanyichukwu Ikechebelu  3 ; Triplex Infection in Pregnancy Collaboration Group
Affiliations

Pregnant women's hepatitis B vaccination coverage in Nigeria: a national pilot cross-sectional study

George Uchenna Eleje et al. Ther Adv Vaccines Immunother. .

Abstract

Objective: To determine the hepatitis B vaccination coverage, full-dose (⩾3) coverage and the associated factors affecting uptake among pregnant women.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study among pregnant women attending antenatal care in six tertiary hospitals across all the geopolitical zones of Nigeria. Pregnant women who consented to the study completed screening questions about their hepatitis B vaccination status and coverage. The main outcome measures were hepatitis B vaccination coverage rate, dose, and factors affecting uptake. Bivariate analysis was performed by the chi-square test and conditional logistic regression analysis was used to determine variables associated with uptake of the vaccination. Odds ratios (ORs) and adjusted odds ratios (aORs) were calculated and statistical significance was accepted when p-value was < 0.05.

Results: Of 159 pregnant women who completed the interview questions, 21 [13.2%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 7.9-18.5%] were vaccinated for hepatitis B for one to three doses. The numbers of doses received were: three doses (8/159, 5.0%), two doses (5/159, 3.1%), and one dose (8/159, 5.0%). The reasons for non-uptake of vaccination included: lack of awareness of the vaccine 83/138 (60.1%), inadequate access to vaccine 11/138 (8.0%), and positivity to hepatitis B virus 10/138 (7.2%). The uptake of hepatitis B vaccination was significantly affected by the level of education (OR 0.284, 95% CI 0.08-1.01, p = 0.041), but in multivariable logistic regression, adjusted for confounders, the association between hepatitis B vaccination and participants' level of education (aOR 3.09; 95% CI 0.95-10.16; p = 0.061) did not remain significant.

Conclusions: In Nigeria, the national hepatitis B vaccination coverage among pregnant women appears poor, with the full-dose coverage even poorer. The level of education was not positively associated with uptake of hepatitis B vaccination, while lack of awareness of the vaccine was the commonest reason for non-uptake.

Funding: TETFund National Research Fund 2019 (grant number TETFund/DR&D/CE/NRF/STI/33).

Keywords: antenatal care; coverage; hepatitis B; pregnancy; vaccination; virus.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Flow pattern of participants in the study.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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