Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2022 Aug;14(4):630-647.
doi: 10.1007/s12602-021-09824-1. Epub 2021 Aug 12.

Skin Microbiome-The Next Frontier for Probiotic Intervention

Isabella J McLoughlin  1 , Eva M Wright  1 , John R Tagg  2 , Rohit Jain  2 , John D F Hale  3
Affiliations
Review

Skin Microbiome-The Next Frontier for Probiotic Intervention

Isabella J McLoughlin et al. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins. 2022 Aug.

Abstract

The skin is the largest organ in the human body, and it orchestrates many functions that are fundamentally important for our survival. Although the skin might appear to present a relatively inhospitable or even hostile environment, a multitude of commensals and also some potentially pathogenic microorganisms have successfully adapted to survive and/or thrive within the diverse ecological niches created by the skin's topographical architecture. Dysbiosis within these microbial populations can result in the emergence and pathological progression of skin diseases. Unsurprisingly, this has led to a new focus of research both for the medical dermatology and cosmetic industries that is concerned with modulation of the skin microbiome to help address common microbially mediated or modulated conditions such as acne, body odour, and atopic dermatitis. This review presents an overview of our current understanding of the complex relationship of the skin with its microbiome and then introduces the concept of probiotic intervention for the management of microbial dysbiosis within the skin ecosystem.

Keywords: Dysbiosis; Probiotics; Skin; Skin microbiome.

PubMed Disclaimer

References

    1. Sender R, Fuchs S, Milo R (2016) Revised estimates for the number of human and bacteria cells in the body. PLoS Biol 14(8):e1002533. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1002533 - DOI - PubMed - PMC
    1. Grice EA, Segre JA (2011) The skin microbiome. Nat Rev Microbiol 9:244–253. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro2537
    1. Oh J, Byrd AL, Park M, Kong HH, Segre JA (2016) Temporal stability of the human skin microbiome. Cell 165(4):854–866. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2016.04.008 - DOI - PubMed - PMC
    1. Schommer NN, Gallo RL (2013) Structure and function of the human skin microbiome. Trends in Microbiology 21:660–668. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tim.2013.10.001
    1. Cooper AJ, Weyrich LS, Dixit S, Farrer AG (2015) The skin microbiome: associations between altered microbial communities and disease. Aust J Dermatol 56:268–274. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajd.12253

LinkOut - more resources