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. 2021 Aug 13;70(32):1100-1102.
doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7032a3.

Notes from the Field: Recurrence of a Multistate Outbreak of Salmonella Typhimurium Infections Linked to Contact with Hedgehogs - United States and Canada, 2020

Michelle A Waltenburg, Megin Nichols, HaeNa Waechter, Jeffrey Higa, Laura Cronquist, Anne-Marie Lowe, Jennifer K Adams, Kenai McFadden, Jennifer A McConnell, Rebecca Blank, Colin Basler

Notes from the Field: Recurrence of a Multistate Outbreak of Salmonella Typhimurium Infections Linked to Contact with Hedgehogs - United States and Canada, 2020

Michelle A Waltenburg et al. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. .
No abstract available

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Conflict of interest statement

All authors have completed and submitted the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors form for disclosure of potential conflicts of interest. No potential conflicts of interest were disclosed.

Figures

FIGURE
FIGURE
Traceback of hedgehogs associated with human Salmonella Typhimurium infections from patient to hedgehog source (N = 20) — United States, 2020 Abbreviations: N/A = license status not applicable; UL = unlicensed; Unk = license status unknown; USDA = U.S. Department of Agriculture licensed. * Traceback for hedgehog distribution from patients back to USDA-licensed hedgehog breeders, unlicensed breeders, pet stores, and online sales. The Michigan, Nebraska, New York, and Oklahoma patients purchased hedgehogs directly from breeders who reported receiving hedgehogs from multiple other breeders. The California patient purchased a hedgehog via an online platform from a seller who had a single hedgehog and did not breed hedgehogs; the source of the seller’s hedgehog is unknown. Names and exact locations of the Illinois breeder, Iowa breeder, Michigan breeder, Montana breeder, Nebraska breeder B, and the pet store associated with Indiana case 1 are unknown. The North Dakota patient obtained the hedgehog during an adoption event at a retail pet store chain; information regarding the source of the hedgehog was obtained from the previous owner who surrendered the hedgehog. USDA licensure status: https://www.aphis.usda.gov/aphis/ourfocus/animalwelfare/ct_awa_regulated_businesses
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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    1. Public Health Agency of Canada. Public health notice: outbreak of Salmonella infections linked to pet hedgehogs. Ottawa, Ontario: Public Health Agency of Canada; 2020. https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/public-health-notices/20...
    1. CDC. Outbreak of Salmonella infections linked to pet hedgehogs: investigation notice. Atlanta, GA: US Department of Health and Human Services, CDC; 2020. https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/typhimurium-09-20/index.html
    1. Keeble E, Koterwas B. Salmonellosis in hedgehogs. Vet Clin North Am Exot Anim Pract 2020;23:459–70. 10.1016/j.cvex.2020.01.011 - DOI - PubMed

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