SARS-CoV-2 Tests: Bridging the Gap between Laboratory Sensors and Clinical Applications

Abstract

This review covers emerging biosensors for SARS-CoV-2 detection together with a review of the biochemical and clinical assays that are in use in hospitals and clinical laboratories. We discuss the gap in bridging the current practice of testing laboratories with nucleic acid amplification methods, and the robustness of assays the laboratories seek, and what emerging SARS-CoV-2 sensors have currently addressed in the literature. Together with the established nucleic acid and biochemical tests, we review emerging technology and antibody tests to determine the effectiveness of vaccines on individuals.

Keywords: PCR; RNA; SARS-CoV-2; biosensors; clinical tests; coronavirus; electrical sensors; lateral flow devices; mechanical sensors; mutations; optical sensors; sensors.