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. 2021 Jul 30:8:688078.
doi: 10.3389/fvets.2021.688078. eCollection 2021.

Overview of Cattle Diseases Listed Under Category C, D or E in the Animal Health Law for Which Control Programmes Are in Place Within Europe

Jaka Jakob Hodnik  1 , Žaklin Acinger-Rogić  2 , Mentor Alishani  3 , Tiina Autio  4 , Ana Balseiro  5   6 , John Berezowski  7 , Luís Pedro Carmo  7 , Ilias Chaligiannis  8 , Beate Conrady  9   10 , Lina Costa  11 , Iskra Cvetkovikj  12 , Ivana Davidov  13 , Marc Dispas  14 , Igor Djadjovski  12 , Elsa Leclerc Duarte  15 , Céline Faverjon  16 , Christine Fourichon  17 , Jenny Frössling  18   19 , Anton Gerilovych  20 , Jörn Gethmann  21 , Jacinto Gomes  22 , David Graham  23 , Maria Guelbenzu  23 , George J Gunn  24 , Madeleine K Henry  24 , Petter Hopp  25 , Hans Houe  9 , Elena Irimia  26 , Jožica Ježek  1 , Ramon A Juste  27 , Emmanouil Kalaitzakis  28 , Jasmeet Kaler  29 , Selcuk Kaplan  30 , Polychronis Kostoulas  31 , Kaspars Kovalenko  32 , Nada Kneževič  33 , Tanja Knific  34 , Xhelil Koleci  35 , Aurélien Madouasse  17 , Alvydas Malakauskas  36 , Rene Mandelik  37 , Eleftherios Meletis  31 , Madalina Mincu  26 , Kerli Mõtus  38 , Violeta Muñoz-Gómez  39 , Mihaela Niculae  40 , Jelena Nikitović  41 , Matjaž Ocepek  42 , Marie Tangen-Opsal  43 , László Ózsvári  44 , Dimitrios Papadopoulos  45 , Theofilos Papadopoulos  45 , Sinikka Pelkonen  4 , Miroslaw Pawel Polak  46 , Nicola Pozzato  47 , Eglé Rapaliuté  36 , Stefaan Ribbens  48 , João Niza-Ribeiro  49 , Franz-Ferdinand Roch  50 , Liza Rosenbaum Nielsen  9 , Jose Luis Saez  51 , Søren Saxmose Nielsen  9 , Gerdien van Schaik  52   53 , Ebba Schwan  54 , Blagica Sekovska  12 , Jože Starič  1 , Sam Strain  55 , Petr Šatran  56 , Sabina Šerić-Haračić  57 , Lena-Mari Tamminen  58 , Hans-Hermann Thulke  59 , Ivan Toplak  60 , Erja Tuunainen  61 , Sharon Verner  55 , Štefan Vilček  37 , Ramazan Yildiz  62 , Inge M G A Santman-Berends  52   53
Affiliations

Overview of Cattle Diseases Listed Under Category C, D or E in the Animal Health Law for Which Control Programmes Are in Place Within Europe

Jaka Jakob Hodnik et al. Front Vet Sci. .

Erratum in

  • Corrigendum: Overview of Cattle Diseases Listed Under Category C, D or E in the Animal Health Law for Which Control Programmes Are in Place Within Europe.
    Hodnik JJ, Acinger-Rogić Ž, Alishani M, Autio T, Balseiro A, Berezowski J, Carmo LP, Chaligiannis I, Conrady B, Costa L, Cvetkovikj I, Davidov I, Dispas M, Djadjovski I, Duarte EL, Faverjon C, Fourichon C, Frössling J, Gerilovych A, Gethmann J, Gomes J, Graham D, Guelbenzu M, Gunn GJ, Henry MK, Hopp P, Houe H, Irimia E, Ježek J, Juste RA, Kalaitzakis E, Kaler J, Kaplan S, Kostoulas P, Kovalenko K, Kneževič N, Knific T, Koleci X, Madouasse A, Malakauskas A, Mandelik R, Meletis E, Mincu M, Mõtus K, Muñoz-Gómez V, Niculae M, Nikitović J, Ocepek M, Tangen-Opsal M, Ózsvári L, Papadopoulos D, Papadopoulos T, Pelkonen S, Polak MP, Pozzato N, Rapaliuté E, Ribbens S, Niza-Ribeiro J, Roch FF, Rosenbaum Nielsen L, Saez JL, Nielsen SS, van Schaik G, Schwan E, Sekovska B, Starič J, Strain S, Šatran P, Šerić-Haračić S, Tamminen LM, Thulke HH, Toplak I, Tuunainen E, Verner S, Vilček Š, Yildiz R, Santman-Berends IMGA. Hodnik JJ, et al. Front Vet Sci. 2022 Apr 20;9:902559. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2022.902559. eCollection 2022. Front Vet Sci. 2022. PMID: 35529840 Free PMC article.

Abstract

The COST action "Standardising output-based surveillance to control non-regulated diseases of cattle in the European Union (SOUND control)," aims to harmonise the results of surveillance and control programmes (CPs) for non-EU regulated cattle diseases to facilitate safe trade and improve overall control of cattle infectious diseases. In this paper we aimed to provide an overview on the diversity of control for these diseases in Europe. A non-EU regulated cattle disease was defined as an infectious disease of cattle with no or limited control at EU level, which is not included in the European Union Animal health law Categories A or B under Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2020/2002. A CP was defined as surveillance and/or intervention strategies designed to lower the incidence, prevalence, mortality or prove freedom from a specific disease in a region or country. Passive surveillance, and active surveillance of breeding bulls under Council Directive 88/407/EEC were not considered as CPs. A questionnaire was designed to obtain country-specific information about CPs for each disease. Animal health experts from 33 European countries completed the questionnaire. Overall, there are 23 diseases for which a CP exists in one or more of the countries studied. The diseases for which CPs exist in the highest number of countries are enzootic bovine leukosis, bluetongue, infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, bovine viral diarrhoea and anthrax (CPs reported by between 16 and 31 countries). Every participating country has on average, 6 CPs (min-max: 1-13) in place. Most programmes are implemented at a national level (86%) and are applied to both dairy and non-dairy cattle (75%). Approximately one-third of the CPs are voluntary, and the funding structure is divided between government and private resources. Countries that have eradicated diseases like enzootic bovine leukosis, bluetongue, infectious bovine rhinotracheitis and bovine viral diarrhoea have implemented CPs for other diseases to further improve the health status of cattle in their country. The control of non-EU regulated cattle diseases is very heterogenous in Europe. Therefore, the standardising of the outputs of these programmes to enable comparison represents a challenge.

Keywords: Europe; SOUND control; cattle; control programmes; disease control; output-based standards.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flowchart giving inclusion and exclusion criteria for control programmes included in the survey.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Number of selected cattle disease-free statuses in countries participating in Standardising output-based surveillance to control non-regulated diseases of cattle in the European Union (SOUND control).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Number of selected cattle diseases with control programmes in countries participating in Standardising output-based surveillance to control non-regulated diseases of cattle in the European Union (SOUND control).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Country level information on control programme implementation and disease status for enzootic bovine leukosis (EBL), bluetongue, infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR), bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD) and anthrax.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Country level information on control programme implementation and disease status for paratuberculosis, salmonellosis, bovine genital campylobacteriosis, leptospirosis and trichomonosis.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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