Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2021 Jul 20;134(14):1753-1755.
doi: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000001646.

Estrogen and cerebral small vessel disease

Hui Gao  1 , Lin-Yan Fu  1 , Hong-Yu Mu  2 , Chen Sang  3
Affiliations

Estrogen and cerebral small vessel disease

Hui Gao et al. Chin Med J (Engl). .
No abstract available

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

None.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Neuroprotective effects of estrogen. Estrogen promotes the transfer of Ca2+ to Mito and maintaining the normal level of Ca2+. It also inhibits the transfer of cytochrome C from mitochondria to cytoplasm induced by ischemia, increases the expression of Bcl-2, and increases the tolerance of mitochondria to Ca2+. Estrogen helps cells resist apoptosis, inhibits the activation of caspase-3 and apoptosis induced by Aβ, and increases the expression of GluT3 and GluT4, which are beneficial to neuronal energy metabolism. Finally, estrogen can inhibit the transfer of NF-κB into the nucleus of microglia induced by Aβ and the production of inflammatory factors and inflammatory response. GluR: Glutamate receptors; Mito: Mitochondrial; Bcl-2: B-cell lymphoma 2; GluT3: Glucose transporter 3; GluT4: Glucose transporter 4; NF-κB: Nuclear factor kappa light chain enhancer of activated B cells.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Hurn PD, Brass LM. Estrogen and stroke: a balanced analysis. Stroke 2003; 34:338–341. doi: 10.1161/01.STR.0000054051.88378.25. - PubMed
    1. Henderson VW, Guthrie JR, Dudley EC, Burger HG, Dennerstein L. Estrogen exposures and memory at midlife: a population-based study of women. Neurology 2003; 60:1369–1371. doi: 10.1212/01.WNL.0000059413.75888.BE. - PubMed
    1. Xing D, Nozell S, Chen YF, Hage F, Oparil S. Estrogen and mechanisms of vascular protection. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2009; 29:289–295. doi: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.108.182279. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Kesslak JP. Can estrogen play a significant role in the prevention of Alzheimer's disease? J Neural Transm Suppl 2002; 62:227–239. doi: 10.1007/978-3-7091-6139-5_21. - PubMed
    1. Thurston RC, Aizenstein HJ, Derby CA, Sejdić E, Maki PM. Menopausal hot flashes and white matter hyperintensities. Menopause (New York, NY) 2016; 23:27–32. doi: 10.1097/GME.0000000000000481. - PMC - PubMed