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. 2022 Jan;42(1):72-78.
doi: 10.1038/s41372-021-01181-9. Epub 2021 Aug 17.

Survival and decannulation across indications for infant tracheostomy: a twelve-year single-center cohort study

Laura Sillers  1 , Janet Lioy  2 , Kevin Moran  3 , Joanne Stow  3 , Ian N Jacobs  3 , Sara B DeMauro  2
Affiliations

Survival and decannulation across indications for infant tracheostomy: a twelve-year single-center cohort study

Laura Sillers et al. J Perinatol. 2022 Jan.

Abstract

Objective: Describe survival and decannulation following infant tracheostomy based on indication for tracheostomy placement.

Study design: Retrospective cohort study of infants who received tracheostomy at a single pediatric hospital over a twelve-year period. Primary and secondary indications were categorized into pulmonary, anatomic, cardiac, neurologic/musculoskeletal, and others.

Results: A total of 378 infants underwent tracheostomy; 323 had sufficient data to be included in analyses of post-discharge outcomes. Overall mortality was 26.3%; post-operative and post-discharge mortality differed across primary indications (P = 0.03 and P = 0.005). Among survivors, 69.3% decannulated at a median age of 3.0 years (IQR 2.3, 4.5 years). Decannulation among survivors varied across primary indications (P = 0.002), ranging from 17% to 75%. In multivariable analysis, presence of a neurologic or musculoskeletal indication for tracheostomy was a significant negative predictor of future decannulation (aOR 0.10 [95% CI 0.02-0.44], P = 0.003).

Conclusions: Early childhood outcomes vary across indications for infant tracheostomy.

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